Module 2

Question 1

Avogadro’s Constant

Answer 1

6.022×10²³

Question 2

Recall the molarity formula

Answer 2

𝑐=𝑛/𝑉
c_1 V_1 = c_2 V_2

Question 3

Recall equipment for diluting and concentrating substances

Answer 3

Equipment:
- Measuring cylinder
- Pipette
- Burette
- Volumetric flask

Question 4

Define standard solution

Answer 4

Standard Solution is a solution of accurately known concentration

Question 5

Define primary standard

Answer 5

Primary Standards are a type of standard that is so pure that contamination is negibile

Question 6

Define parallax error

Answer 6

Parallax Error is an error when viewing the meniscus at an angle

Question 7

Define partial pressure

Answer 7

Partial Pressure is the pressure of each individual element

Question 8

State Dalton’s Law of Partial Pressure

Answer 8

Dalton’s Law of Partial Pressures:
P_total = P_1 + P_2 + P_3 …

Question 9

Define pressure

Answer 9

Pressure is the force applied to an area

Question 10

Conversions: 1000 Pa = ? kPa

Answer 10

1000 Pa (Pascal) = 1 kPa (kilopascal)

Question 11

Conversions: 1 atm = ? kPa

Answer 11

1 atm (atmosphere) = 101.3 kPa (kilopascal)

Question 12

Conversions: 1 bar = ? kPa

Answer 12

1 bar (Bar) = 100 kPa (kilopascal)

Question 13

Conversions: ? mmHg = 1 atm

Answer 13

760 mmHg (milligrams of mercury) = 1 atm (atmosphere)

Question 14

True or False: All the factors impacting gases can be expressed as any units in conversions

Answer 14

False. Temperature must be expressed as Kelvin otherwise, the statement is true

Question 15

Recall Gay-Lussac’s Law

Answer 15

Gay-Lussac’s Law states that the pressure exerted by a gas is proportional to the temperature of the environment
P ∝ T
P = kT
P_1/T_1 = P_2/T_2

Question 16

Recall Boyle’s Law

Answer 16

Boyle’s Law states that the pressure exerted by a gas is inversely proportional to the volume it occupies
P ∝ 1/V
PV = k
P_1 V_1 = P_2 V_2

Question 17

Recall Charles’ Law

Answer 17

Charles’ Law states that the volume a gas occupies is proportional to the temperature of the environment
V ∝ T
V = kT
V_1/T_1 = V_2/T_2

Question 18

Recall Avogadro’s Law

Answer 18

Avogadro’s Law states that the volume a gas occupies is proportional to the amount of gas
V ∝ n
V = kn
V_1/n_1 = V_2/n_2

Question 19

Define molar volume

Answer 19

Molar Volume is the fixed amount of gas in a mole

Question 20

Recall the conditions of SLC

Answer 20

Standard Laboratory Conditions (SLC) – temperature of 25 °C and pressure of 100 kPA

Question 21

Recall the conditions of STP

Answer 21

Standard Temperature and Pressure (STP) – temperature of 0 °C and pressure of 100 kPA

Question 22

Define the ideal gas law

Answer 22

The Ideal Gas Law describes the nature of a hypothetical ideal gas and can be considered a good approximation of the behaviour of most gases under most conditions

Question 23

Ideal Gas Law:

Answer 23

Ideal Gas Law: PV = nRT

Question 24

Identify the units for the ideal gas law

Answer 24

Pressure (P) – kPa
Volume (V) – L
n – mol
Temperature (T) – Kelvin

Question 25

Define and state the combined gas law

Answer 25

The Combined Gas Law is a universal law that incorporates all the other laws
PV = kT
(P_1 V_1)/T_1 = (P_2 V_2)/T_2