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Equine > Module 2 > Flashcards

Module 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Description of horses and ponies depends on identifying many features such

A

Sex
Height
Color
Marking
Age
Description

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2
Q

Is a young horse of either sex up to 1 year of age

A

Foal

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3
Q

Is a female less than 3 years old

A

Filly

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4
Q

Is a male less than 3 years old

A

Colt

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5
Q

A mature female, 4 years of age and older

A

Mare

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6
Q

Is a mature male, 4 year of age or older

A

Stallion

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7
Q

Male that is castrated

A

Gelding

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8
Q

A male horse that has retained one testicles within althea abdominal cavity

A

Rig

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9
Q

The points of the horses are used l for more accurate assessment of color and refer to:

A

-muzzle
-legs
-mane & tail
-eyelids
-tips of the ear

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10
Q

A horse with no white marking at all is termed

A

Whole colored

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11
Q

Horse marking includes:

A

Scars
Brands
Acquired marks ( from Injury or saddle sore)

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12
Q

Is a white mark on the forehead.

A

Star

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13
Q

Is a narrow white mark down the face which may be a continuation of a star

A

Stripe l

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14
Q

Is a wide covering of a white hair runing down the face over the nose

A

Blaze

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15
Q

Exaggerated blaze covering much of the horse’s face

A

White face

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16
Q

A white mark between the nostrils

A

Snip

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17
Q

Describes white skin covering both lips and nostrils

A

White muzzle

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18
Q

White skin at the edge of the lips

A

White upper lip and under lip

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19
Q

Describe an eye that is grey-blue in color, the right sight us unaffected

A

Wall eye

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20
Q

Describe the dark line found along the backbone of dun horses and donkeys

A

Dorsal stripe

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21
Q

Describe any stripes on the body

A

Zebra marks

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22
Q

Small areas formed by changes in the direction of hair growth, occurring on the head, neck, body and upper limbs.

A

Whorls

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23
Q

An obvious indentation in the muscle on the neck, shoulder or hindquarters said of good luck and often seen in Thoroughbred and Arabs

A

Prophet’s thumb mark

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24
Q

Patches of pink that grow white hair.

A

Flesh marks

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25
Q

Resulting in white hair are commonly used method of protecting horses against theft.

A

Freeze brands

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26
Q

It’s indicate breed or country of origin and may be situated on the neck, shoulder or quarters

A

Brands

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27
Q

May also be placed on the hooves or tattooed on the lips or gums.

A

Identification brands

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28
Q

White markings on the legs such :

A

Sock
Stocking
Leg

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29
Q

Black spots on the white marks are called

A

Ermine marks

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30
Q

Will note down a description of all markings and color on a sketch

A

Identification certificates

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31
Q

Actual breed is unknown then it may be described as a

A

Thoroughbred-type

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32
Q

Different horse type to survive in different climates known as :

A

Hotbloods
Cold bloods
Warm bloods

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33
Q

Sometimes referred to as blood horses,owning a high temperatures they developed fine skins and coats

A

Hotbloods

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34
Q

This includes heavier breeds such as draughts horses. They are heavier and more thick set with deep wide bodies and shorter legs to maintain their body heat.

A

Coldbloods

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35
Q

Result from crossbreeding hotbloods and coldbloods

A

Warmbloods

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36
Q

Refers to the horses inherited structure

A

Conformation

37
Q

Conformation has two main aspects:

A
  1. Static conformation - the shape of horse
  2. Dynamic conformation - the way the horse moves.
38
Q

If the upper jaw is longer lower it said to be ‘

A

Parrot mouthed

39
Q

Upper jaw is shorter than the lower to be ‘

A

’ sow mouthed ‘

40
Q

If neck dips down in front of the withers it is said to be a ‘

A

’ ewe necked ‘

41
Q

If the withers are lower than the croup, the horse termed ‘

A

‘Croup high’

42
Q

The line from the withers to the point of the shoulder is known ‘

A

‘Slope of shoulder’

43
Q

Horses are Saud ti be when they are back at the knee

A

Calf knees

44
Q

Horses are said to be when they appear to be forward from elbow to the top of the pastern

A

‘Over at knee’

45
Q

The horse describe as “” on below the knee if the cannon bone is narrower just below the knee than just about the fetlock.

A

“Tied”

46
Q

Forefeet toed in are known as ‘

A

“Pigeon toed”

47
Q

Forefeet turned out are known as splayed footed

A

“Splayed footed”

48
Q

A horse with flat ribs is known

A

“Slab sided”

49
Q

Eight pairs of ribs knows as

A

True ribs

50
Q

Strong but less comfortable for the rider

A

Short backs

51
Q

Gives a more comfortable ride, but are more liable to injury

A

Long back

52
Q

Often seen in older horses as a sign of age , but may sign if of weakness in young horses

A

Hollow backs

53
Q

Arched upwards, these backs are uncomfortable for the rider even though they are strong

A

Roach back

54
Q

High croup is known as a

A

‘Jumping bump’

55
Q

Feet turned out and point of hocks close together

A

Cow hocks

56
Q

Feet turned in and point of hocks wide apart

A

Bowed hocks

57
Q

Excessive angulation of the hock with feet placed more towards the forelimbs.

A

Sickle hocks

58
Q

Too little angulation of the hock and breed or type

A

Straight hocks

59
Q

Hocks stand out behind the horse

A

Hock out behind

60
Q
  1. Off hind 2. Off fore
  2. Near hind 4. Near fore
A

Walk

61
Q
  1. Near hind 2. Off fore
  2. Off hind 4.Near fore
A

Trot

62
Q

1.left hind
2 left fore and right hind qtogether
3. Right fore

A

Canter

63
Q

Different types of faulty action
Exagerrated movements may lead to unsoundess:

A

Dishing
Planting
Forging
Over reaching
Brushing/ sleedinf cutting

64
Q

Forefoot appears to be thrown out from below the knee, particularly at trot

A

Dishing

65
Q

At walk and trot the horse places one foot in front of the other and is more often associated with narrow chest confomation.

A

Plaiting

66
Q

The hind shoe strike the fore shoe and usually it may be corrected by good schooling to build up muscle.

A

Forging

67
Q

The hind leg over extends and the toe cuts into the forelimb somewhere between the hell and knee

A

Over reaching

68
Q

The hind feet pass close by to one another and may brush against each other

A

Brushing / speedy cutting

69
Q

Five-stage vetting procedure

A
  1. Preliminary examination
  2. Trotting
  3. Strenuous exercise
  4. Period
  5. Second trot and foot examination
70
Q

The vet may stand and observe the horse at rest quietly in its environment, allowing hear and breathing rates to return to normal

A

Stage 1: Peliminary examination

71
Q

The horse is trotted on a fir, flat surface

A

Stage 2: trotting

72
Q

The horse is exercise to the point of exertion not exhaustion

A

Stage 3: Strenuous Excersie

73
Q

The horse is untacked and allowed to rest and stand quietly in the stable for 20-30mins.

A

Stage 4: Period of rest

74
Q

The horse is brought out of the box and trotted away, and then vet is looking for the hood pattern axis, balance, uneven wear and state of sole and frog.

A

Stage 5: Second trot and foot examination

75
Q

Is a defect that affect the usefulness of the horse.

A

Unsoundness

76
Q

Is an imperfection that does not affect the usefulness of the horse.

A

Blemish

77
Q

Because of long periods of idleness or poor handling, horses sometimes develop bad habits that are called

A

Vices

78
Q

Most common vices

A

Cribbing
Wind sucking
Hatler pulling
kicking

79
Q

Is a behavior in which a horse bites down on some part of a solid object called

A

Cribbing

80
Q

Take place when a horses presses the upper front teeth on some object and pulls back

A

Wind sucking

81
Q

Occurs when a horse pulls back against the hatler while tied

A

Hatler pulling

82
Q

Another vices refers to the horse using its front feet to paw or dig.

A

Pawing

83
Q

Is greatest important when selecting race and show horses.

A

Pedigree

84
Q

Smaller than light horse

A

Ponies

85
Q

Are larger than light horses

A

Draft horses

86
Q

Horses should be selected on the basis of :

A

Confomation
Use
Age
Sex
Soundness

87
Q

Five basic colors of horses

A

Bay
Black
Brown
Chestnut
White

88
Q

Gaits of the horses are the way in ehich it moves. Common gaits :

A

Walk
Trot
Canter
Gallop
Stepping pace

Equine (4 decks)

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