MODULE 2 Flashcards
patient will be ENDORSE to the next shift
Endorsement
endorsement must entails:
- what you have done that day
- follow ups
- malfunction of machine
- pertinent data only
- we also do endorsement to other department
CONTRACT wherein the patient voluntarily gives PERMISSION to someone to perform a procedure
Consent
- required for complex/invasive procedures that involves greater risk than usual
- necessary in MRI
Informed Consent
- for emergency cases
- common consent form in medical imaging
Implied Consent
Conditions for valid patient consent:
- pt must be of legal age
- pt must be sound of mind/mentally competent
- gives consent voluntarily
- adequately informed
content of consent
Authorization Clause
Disclosure Clause
Anesthesia Clause
No guarantee Clause
Tissue disposal Clause
Patient understanding Clause
Signature Clause
what should be in the request:
- admitting or requesting physician
- infection control or isolation info
- pt personal information
- pt hospital identification number
- type of examination
Areas to be cleaned:
- Counters & Surfaces
- Closed Storage Areas
- Lead Apron & Gloves
- Mobile Xray Machine
- Xray Machine, Table, VGD
areas cleaned weekly:
closed storage area (shelves, doors)
lead apron & gloves
mobile xray machine (XRT, tube arm, collimator, cables, wheels)
used in cleaning:
hospital-grade disinfectant detergent
dilute bleach
germicide cloth
done twice a day
counters & surfaces
deals with reducing the probability of infectious organism being transmitted to a susceptible individual
Medical asepsis & Infection control
reducing total number of organisms
Microbial dilution
1st level
Simple cleanliness
Hand hygiene technique
2nd level
Disinfection
3rd level
Surgical asepsis/ Sterilization
methods of isolating body substances
Standard Precaution
Standard Precaution
- correct cleaning of equipment
- coreect hand hygience
- correct disposal of contaminated waste
decontamination of hand using soap and water, alcohol based hand rub
Hand hygiene
Standard Precaution is applied to:
Blood
All body fluids
Mucous membranes
Non intact skin/ wounds
persons immune system is weak
immunocompromised
When to use hand hygiene:
Before and after pt contact
Before doning gloves
After removal of gloves
Soiled/contaminated with bloody fluids
clean area
forearm
most contaminated area
fingers
preparation in the form of gel, rinse or foam containing 60-90% isopropanol or ethanol alcohol
alcohol-based hand rub
- 15 seconds
- more accessible
- effective than soap and water against nosocomial infection
- less irritating to skin
- very effective against microorganism including multi drug resistant organism
Advantages of Alcohol-based hand rub
Multidrug resistant organism
not kolled by any antimicrobial drugs
reduces the incidence of airborne infections and transfer of pathogens bu fomite
Housekeeping
General Principles when cleaning:
- Least contaminated to more contaminated area
- Avoid raising dust
- Do not contaminate yourself/ clean areas
- Clean all equipment using sodium hydrochlorite bleach (CLOROX)
- Mix bleacg in a 1:10 solution daily
disinfectant for HIV
sodium hydrochlorite bleach or CLOROX
5 methods of sterilization
Chemical sterilization
Dry heat
Conventional gas sterilization
Gas plasma technology
Autoclaving
- involves immersion and soaking of equipment in a germicidal solution
- not effective
Chemical sterilization
1 to 6 hours
329 - 338° F
165 - 170° C
Dry heat
- mixture of freon gas, ethylene oxide heated to 135°F or 57°C
- for electric, plastic, rubbee items, optical ware
Conventional gas sterilization
- items placed in a compact mobile unit where low temperature HYDROGEN PEROXIDE GAS PLASMA diffuses through the wrapped items killing BOTH MICROORGANISMS & SPORES
Gas plasma technology
Disadvantage of Gas plasma technology
cannot be used for powders, liquies, cellulose materials such aa paper, linen
- quickest & most convenient
- 250 - 275°F or 121 - 135° C
Autoclaving
device that provides sterilization under pressure
autoclave
- removal by mechanical/ chemical processes of pathogenic microorganisms from objects or body surface
- uses chemical materials/ substances (disinfectant)
Disinfection
reducing the nunbee of pathogenic microorganisms in the environment
medical asepsis
- complete destruction or all microorganisms and spores
- uses heat, gas, chemicals to make them germ free
Surgical asepsis
sterile supplies comes from
central sterile supply
disposable items
small syringes
IV sets
catheterization sets
reusable items
instruments, glass syringes
