Module 2

Question 1

Colonnades

Answer 1

Rows of columns) open on all sides

Question 2

Entablature

Answer 2

Moldings and bands on top of the columns) were built as a post-and-lintel system

Question 3

Barrel vault or tunnel vault,

Answer 3

Continuous or extruded arch that creates an arch-shaped ceiling

Question 4

Fresco

Answer 4

Painting technique in which pigment is painted on wet lime plaster. As the pigment and plaster dry, they bond to create a durable substance

Question 5

Stucco

Answer 5

Fine three- dimensional ornamentation. Lime or gypsum is mixed with sand and water and modelled or molded into relief decoration.

Question 6

Mosaic

Answer 6

Decoration made with small stones, seashells, glass and ivory.

Question 7

Ablaq

Answer 7

This decorative technique was also an anti-earthquake measure, as the bricks absorb shocks and shifts, helping to prevent the stone from cracking and better preserving the structure.

Question 8

Horseshoe arch

Answer 8

Billows out at the top to create a lighter, airy effect. They can be rounded or pointed.

Question 9

Tracery

Answer 9

The decorative
stonework patterns that form part of a glass or stained-glass window.

Question 10

Vernacular

Answer 10

Architecture is designed for local needs, traditions and lifestyles; it is adapted for the local climate and environment; and it is built with local resources and construction techniques.

Question 11

Passivhaus

Answer 11

Is a program and standard for designing sustainable houses. The rigorous, performance-based criteria is focused on achieving energy efficiency, thermal comfort, occupant wellbeing and return on investment.