Module 2

Question 1

Crossing Over

Answer 1

Genetic Exchange between two homologous chromosomes

Question 2

A single gene has three or more alternative forms

Answer 2

Multiple alleles

Question 3

Phenotype

Answer 3

the observable expression of the genes present in an Organism

Question 4

Huntington disease

Answer 4

a human hereditary disease that is caused by a dominant allele but does not show up in affected individuals until they are middle aged

Question 5

Punnett square

Answer 5

it is useful for predicting the ratios of possible genotypes of a particular combination of alleles

Question 6

Mendels law of independent assortment has its basis in which of the events of meiosis 1,

Answer 6

alignment of pairs of homologous chromosomes along the middle of the cell

Question 7

Pleiotrophy

Answer 7

An individual allele has more than one effect on the phenotype

Question 8

Multifactorial genes:

Answer 8

Multiple genes with environment influences

Question 9

Polygenic Inheritance:

Answer 9

One trait influenced by many genes

Question 10

Homozygous recessive conditions:

Answer 10

Albinism, cystic fibrosis, sickle-cell disease, tay-Sachs disease, Phenylketonuria

Question 11

Dominant Allele Diseases:

Answer 11

Achondroplasia, Alzheimer’s disease, Huntington’s disease, hypercholesterolemia

Question 12

Types of Fetal Testing:

Answer 12

Amniocentesis (liquid)
Chorionic villus sampling (placenta)
Ultrasound & fetoscopy

Question 13

Mary Frances Lyon
Rosalind Franklin
Barbara McClintock, 
Jennifer Doudna and Emmanuelle Charpenteir
Elizabeth H Blackburn

Answer 13

Mary Frances Lyon, X inactivation or lionization
Rosalind Franklin, DNA X ray crystallography
Barbara mcclintock, transposable element TE or jumping jeans
Jennifer Doudna and Emmanuelle Charpenteir, CRISPR
Elizabeth H Blackburn, enzyme telomerase

Question 14

SRY

Answer 14

a gene present on the Y chromosome that triggers male development

Question 15

True false, a color blind female can have a son that has a normal vision, color blindness is caused by sex linked recessive allele.

Answer 15

False

Question 16

Cyclone dependent kinase,

Answer 16

enzyme which adds phosphate to a protein along with cyclones are major control switches motors of for the cell cycle

Question 17

Each chromosomes consist of two identical

Answer 17

Chromatids

Question 18

Section of chromosome that codes for a trait

Answer 18

Gene

Question 19

Tumor suppressor protein activated if DNA damaged

Answer 19

P53

Question 20

Four DNA mutations:

Answer 20

Deletion (chrom segment) Duplication (repeat segment)

Inversion (reverses segment orientation) Translocation (move segment b/w chrom).

Question 21

Y-linked inheritance:

Answer 21

Hypertrichosis of ears, webbed toes, porcupine skin

Question 22

Chromosome theory of inheritance

Answer 22

Chromosomes carry genes which are location at specific locations, Sutton and Boverii.

Question 23

First to discover solid evidence to associate specific gene with specific chromosome

Answer 23

Thomas Hunt Morgan (students were Alfred Sturtevant (genetic linkage) and Calvin bridges (chrom non-disjunction)

Question 24

Two alleles segregate during meiosis and end up in different gametes

Answer 24

Law of Segregation

Question 25

The study of genetics:

Answer 25

Genetics

Question 26

The passing of traits from parents to offspring

Answer 26

Inheritance

Question 27

Fertilization with same plant or with genetically identical plant

Answer 27

Self-pollination

Question 28

Fertilization between genetically different plants:

Answer 28

Cross-pollination