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Tesol > Module 2 > Flashcards

Module 2 Flashcards

1
Q

What is a noun?

A

Words which name people, animals, things, places, abstract ideas, feelings, substances, or qualities.

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2
Q

what are pronouns?

A

Words which replace nouns and are used to reduce repetition.

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3
Q

what are adjectives?

A

Words which modify nouns. They present characteristics that help distinguish places, people and things; or they simply identify or quantify them.
Describe nouns and pronouns

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4
Q

what is an adverb?

A

Words which can modify a verb, an adjective, another adverb or a clause. They can indicate a place, manner, time, degree, frequency and clause.

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5
Q

what is a verb?

A

Words which describe the action the subject of a sentence is performing or the state the subject is in.

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6
Q

What is a conjunction?

A

Words that connect other words, clauses or sentences.

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7
Q

what are prepositions?

A

Words that show relationships between other things or people in a sentence such as direction, time, place, purpose, cause and manner. They connect nouns with other nouns, verbs and adverbs.

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8
Q

what are the 8 types of words (Parts of speech)

A
  1. Nouns
  2. Pronouns
  3. Adjectives
  4. Adverbs
  5. Verbs
  6. Conjunctions
  7. Prepositions
  8. Interjections
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9
Q

what are the possessive adjectives?

A

my, your, his, her, its. Our, their

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10
Q

what are the verb tenses?

A

The tenses are either time (past, present or future) or aspect (completed or continuous)

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11
Q

what is an example of an adverb of manner

A

Mark is running quickly.

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12
Q

what is an example of an adverb of frequency?

A

jane never drinks coffee

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13
Q

what is an example of an adverb of place

A

we will go THERE tomorrow

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14
Q

what can adverbs modify?

A

other adverbs, adjectives and verbs

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15
Q

what is a gerund

A

when we use a verb as a noun

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16
Q

what is a sentence?

A

a unit of expression which contains one or more clauses.

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17
Q

what is a clause?

A

a group of words with a subject and a verb.

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18
Q

what is a phrase

A

a group of words without a subject and a verb

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19
Q

what is the subject of a sentence?

A

the what or who is being referred to

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20
Q

what is the predicate of a sentence?

A

the part of the sentence that is giving information about the subject

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21
Q

what is a clause formed with

A

a subject and a verb

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22
Q

in an active sentence what is the object?

A

the receiver of the action.

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23
Q

what does a direct object mean?

A

there is only one object in the sentence.

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24
Q

what is a subject complement or subjective complement

A

after a verb that denotes a state (like has, is etc) we need a subject complement. it describes or completes the subject or a sentence. it can be a noun or adjective

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25
Q

What are the 4 types of sentence functions?

A
  1. Declarative
  2. Interrogative
  3. Imperative
  4. Exclamatory sentences.
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26
Q

what is a declarative sentence?

A

they make statements which can be affirmative or negative

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27
Q

what are interoggative sentences?

A

they ask questions

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28
Q

what is an imperative sentence?

A

Imperative sentences are used to give commands, orders, directions or instructions.

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29
Q

what is an exclamatory sentence?

A

This type of sentence shows emotion and it should always end with an exclamation mar

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30
Q

What part of the sentence is in capitals?

SUE AND HER HUSBAND are my closest friends

A

subject

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31
Q

What part of the sentence is in capitals?

The room was RATHER DIRTY.

A

subject complement

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32
Q

What part of the sentence is in capitals?

My father gave ME this cassette?

A

indirect object

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33
Q

What part of the sentence is in capitals?

you SHOULDNT HAVE TOLD HIM THAT

A

Predicate

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34
Q

What part of the sentence is in capitals?

I have reserved A TABLE

A

direct object

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35
Q

What part of the sentence is in capitals?

Paul made her CRY

A

Object complement

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36
Q

What part of the sentence is in capitals?

THE GIRL WHO IS SITTING NEXT TO JOAN, is the presidents daughter

A

subject

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37
Q

What part of the sentence is in capital

Is YOUR BOYFRIEND coming to the party?

A

subject

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38
Q

What part of the sentence is in capitals?

John and Carl look VERY HAPPY

A

subject complement

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39
Q

What part of the sentence is in capitals?

He had A LOT TO SAY ABOUT HIS NEW JOB

A

direct object

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40
Q

what are examples of determiners?

A

a, an, the, another, every, some, my, this, that etc.

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41
Q

what can comes before nouns?

A

determiners and descriptive adjectives

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42
Q

break apart the following sentence

the dog is eating

A

the dog = the noun and the subject

is eating = predicate

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43
Q

break down the following sentence:

Carol likes coffee

A 
Carol = noun and subject
likes = verb
coffee = direct object
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44
Q

break down the following phrase:

he became an english teacher

A

he = subject
became = verb
an english teacher = subject complement

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45
Q

what is a subject complement?

A

links verbs such as be, seem, become, appear, look, etc. they are not action verbs but describe a state of being

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46
Q

what is an appositive?

A

a noun or phrase which gives further information on the word it follows ex: mu uncle, the artist, pratices yoga everyday

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47
Q

what are functions of nouns in a sentence?

A
  1. as a subject of a sentence
  2. as the object of the main verb (direct or indirect)
  3. as a subject complement of linking verbs like be seem become appear look etc
  4. as appositive
  5. as an adjective in atttributive position
  6. ad the object of a preposition
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48
Q

how is a noun used as an adjective?

A

in attributive position. (A noun can be placed before another noun to describe or define it. The noun which precedes another noun functions as an adjective).
ex: the kitchen walls are painted blue **kitchen is a noun functioning as an attributive adjective

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49
Q

how is a noun used as an object of a preposition?

A

A preposition followed by a noun or pronoun is called a prepositional phrase. The preposition introduces the phrase and the noun is the object to that preposition).
ex: he lives in paris for months
in and for are prepositions
paris and months are nouns

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50
Q

what is a common noun

A

nouns referring to regular, ordinary person, place, thing or idea: man, car, park, etc. They are only capitalised when they occur at the beginning of the sentence.

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51
Q

what is a proper noun?

A

Nouns referring to the name of a specific, very particular person, place, thing or idea: John, Paris, Buddhist, etc. They are always capitalised. Other nouns such as days of the week, months, institutions, and organisations are also cap-italised.

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52
Q

what are concrete nouns?

A

nouns which refer to a person, animal, place, or thing that you can sense with your five senses : table, room, cushion, perfume, etc.

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53
Q

what are abstract nouns?

A

nouns which refer to ideas, concepts, or anything you cannot perceive through your five physical senses : beauty, childhood, loneliness, etc.

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54
Q

what are compound nouns?

A

nouns formed by two parts, i.e. classroom, or less commonly, three or more parts, i.e. son-in-law. Sometimes compounds are spelt with a hyphen, and sometimes not, i.e. sight-seeing, sunbathing.

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55
Q

what are collective nouns?

A

nouns which refer to a group of things, people or animals: class, committee, herd, flock, etc.

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56
Q

what are countable nouns?

A

: Countable nouns can be singular and plural. They are things, places, people that we can count: boy/boys; park/parks; ta-ble/tables.

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57
Q

what are uncountable nouns?

A

these nouns are always singular. They refer to substances and concepts and they cannot be counted: advice, milk, beauty, etc.

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58
Q

what are the 2 types of nouns

A

proper noun and common noun

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59
Q

what are common nouns

A

any person place or thing

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60
Q

what is a proper noun

A

any particular person place or thing

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61
Q

what are the 2 types of countable noun forms

A

singular and plural

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62
Q

what are uncountable nouns?

A

nouns that are only singular

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63
Q

which words can only be used with countable nouns?

A

a, many, few, a few

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64
Q

which words can only be used with uncountable nouns

A

much, little, a little bit of

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65
Q

which words can be used with both countable and uncountable nouns

A

the, some, any, no, alot of, lots of, enough, plenty of

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66
Q

what are collective nouns?

A

Nouns that refer to a group of people or things can be used with a singular or plural verb. They are generally used with a singular verb because we think of them as a unit or in an impersonal way. They can be replaced by ‘it’.

However, they can also be used with plural verbs when we think of them as a group of people or things, or in a more personal way. They can be replaced by ‘they’.
ex: group, company, army, audience, staff, team, public, family, women, men

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67
Q

what is the difference between the two sentences?
Martin’s and Carol’s children go to a technical school.
Martin and Carol’s children go to a technical school.

A

the first implies that both of their kids (they dont have the same kids) go to a technical school where the secon implies they have the same kids

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68
Q

what are examples of the possessive case used with expressions related to time, money and holidays?

A 
two weeks’ notice
a week’s salary
a dollar’s worth
Mother’s Day
New Year’s Day
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69
Q

what are the genders of nouns

A

masculine feminine and neuter

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70
Q

what are pronouns?

A

word that refer to a noun, a person or thing, which was mentioned before– the antecedent.

71
Q

what are the personal pronouns?

A 
I	First person singular
  You	Second person singular 
  He/She/It	Third person singular 
  We	First person plural 
  You	Second person plural
  They	Third person plural
72
Q

why dont we use nouns and personal pronouns together?

A

because personal pronouns replace nouns

73
Q

what do personal pronouns function as?

A

Personal pronouns function as subject of the sentence. They generally refer to something or someone that has already been mentioned, the antecedent. They also refer to something or somebody that is involved in the conversation or is present.

74
Q

what is an antecedent?

A

definition: thing or event that existed before or logically precedes another.

a word that was already referred to before

75
Q

what are the antecedents in the following sentence?

A man entered a shop wearing a mask. He pointed a gun at the attendant. She gave him all the money she had.

A

he and she

76
Q

what does the word “it” refer to

A

‘It’ refers to things, animals or impersonal expressions.
It is raining.
It is hard to understand.
What time is it?

77
Q

what are the subjective pronouns?

A

i, you, he, she it, we, you they

78
Q

what are the objective pronouns?

A

me, you, him, her, it, us, you, them

79
Q

what are objective pronouns?

A

Objective pronouns function as the recipient of an action. You use them as the direct or indirect object of a verb.
ex:
Tell him! (direct object)
The woman gave them some food. (indirect object)
Can you tell me the way to the station? (indirect object)
b. They are the object of a preposition.

      Have you talked to them?             I am going with him.

c. They are used after the verb ‘be’ in the following case:

It wasn’t me. Who is it? It’s me.

80
Q

what is a preposition?

A

a word governing, and usually preceding, a noun or pronoun and expressing a relation to another word or element in the clause, as in “the man on the platform,” “she arrived after dinner,” “what did you do it for ?”.

81
Q

what are the possessive pronouns?

A

mine, yours, his, hers, its, ours, yours, theirs

82
Q

what are possessive pronouns?

A

Possessive pronouns are used in place of a noun and they indicate the ownership of something.

Whose is that pen? It’s HERS. (Susan’s)
Her husband works in a bank. MINE is unemployed.

Do not confuse Possessive Pronouns with Possessive Adjectives. Adjectives modify nouns, they do not replace them.

83
Q

what are the possessive adjectives

A 
my
your
his                  
her                
its
our
your
their
84
Q

what are demonstrative pronouns

A

Demonstrative pronouns are: this, that, these and those. They are words that point out people, places or things. They indicate proximity. They agree in number with the nouns they modify and when they function as subjects they agree with the verb.

85
Q

what are the characteristics of demonstrative pronouns

A

They can behave as pronouns or determiners (i.e., a word that precedes a noun). A sense of distance and time can be conveyed by choosing ‘this, that, these or those’.
a. As pronouns, they replace nouns.

THIS is great! (The place) I will tell her THAT! (The news)

b. As determiners, they modify a noun. They function as adjectives.

THIS man sold me the TV set. THOSE candies are too sweet.
That girl over there saw the accident. Those students complained about the teacher.

86
Q

How are reflexive pronouns formed?

A

Reflexive pronouns are formed by adding –self (singular) or –selves (plural) to my, your, our (possessive adjectives) or him, her, it, them (objective pronouns).

ex: myself
 yourself
 himself / herself / itself 
 ourselves
 yourselves
themselves
87
Q

what are reflexive pronouns used for

A

a. We use reflexive pronouns to give emphasis to the subject.

I myself did the exercise. The city itself was so dirty that we left soon.

b. They can be used as the direct or indirect object of the verb.

He taught himself. (Direct) Buy yourself a new coat. (Indirect)

c. They can be used to emphasize that someone does something without any help.

She made the cake herself. I’ll print the copy myself.

d. They are used with ‘by’ to express that someone is alone.

She’s by herself. He sat down to have his lunch by himself.

e. They are used with the following transitive verbs. (Transitive verbs are followed by an indirect or direct object.)

cut	introduce
blame	kill
teach	hurt
prepare	help
He cut himself when peeling the potatoes.             I introduced myself to Mr. Brown
88
Q

what is a reflextive pronoun

A

a pronoun that refers to the subject of the sentence . the subject and the object are the same

89
Q

when do you not need to use a reflexive pronoun

A

when its obvious

ex: she showered

90
Q

what are the indefinite pronouns

A 
somebody	anybody	nobody	everybody
someone	anyone	no one	everyone
something	anything	nothing	everything
somewhere	anywhere	nowhere	everywhere
each, either, neither, one, both, many, much, few, several, all, most, none, another, others, some, any, no
91
Q

what are indefinite pronouns used for?

A

a. They are used to talk about people or things without saying who or what they are.

Everyone in the office stayed in.
Somebody is knocking at the door.

b. They are followed by a verb in singular form when they function as subjects.

Everyone is tired.
Is anyone at home?
Does anyone like the idea?

c. Somebody/something/someone are normally used in affirmative sentences.
He’s got something in mind.
Somebody is at the door.

However, they can be used in interrogative sentences when we expect a positive an-swer, especially when we make an offer:

Would you like something to eat?
Shall we meet somewhere here?

d. Anything, anybody, anyone, anywhere are used in interrogative sentences and negative ones:

There isn’t anybody at home. I do not want to go anywhere.

Note that for grammatical correctness the verb has to be in the negative form with any-words. When using no-words, such as ‘nobody, nowhere, no one, and nothing’, the verb has to be in its affirmative/positive form.

There isn’t anybody at home; there is nobody at home.

Incorrect: There isn’t nobody at home. (Double negative)

I don’t have any money; I have no money.

Incorrect: I don’t have no money. (Double negative)

e. They can also be used with negative words such as ‘never, seldom, rarely, without…’

I have never eaten anything like this.

However, they can be used in affirmative sentences with a difference in meaning:

Anyone can do this exercise. (It doesn’t matter who.)

Let’s meet anywhere. (It doesn’t matter where.)

f. Nothing, nobody, no one and nowhere are used in negative sentences instead of not any when the verb is in the affirmative form.

I can see nothing. … but ➡️ I can’t see anything.

92
Q

What are some additional indefinite pronouns

A

each, either, neither, one, both, many, much, few, several, all, most, none, another, others, some, any, no

93
Q

When can indefinite pronouns be used as determiners ?

A

When modifying a noun
Ex Each student will be examined in turns. (‘Each’ is a determiner, not a pronoun, modifying the noun ‘student’).

Most people like soccer. (‘Most’ is a determiner modifying the noun ‘people’) I don’t have much money. (‘much’ is a determiner modifying the noun ‘money’).

94
Q

What are the interrogative pronouns

A

Who, whom, what , which

95
Q

What are reciprocal pronouns and what do they refer to

A

Each other: refer to two people acting on each other.

One another: refer to more than two people.

96
Q

What is a relative pronoun

A

Relative pronouns are who, whom, that, which. They introduce a relative clause, which refers to a noun preceding them. This noun is also called ‘the antecedent’.

Yesterday, we saw the movie that/which you talked about.

Have you met the artist who painted this picture?

These types of pronouns join the two clauses of a complex sentence: the main or independent clause, and the relative or dependent clause. See the underlined relative clauses in the sentences above.

97
Q

What is a clause

A

a group of words containing a subject and a verb, e.g., Marion arrived at 7. This is an example of a simple clause or sentence. Therefore, it does not contain a relative clause.

98
Q

what is an adjective and what are the forms?

A

Adjectives describe nouns, pronouns and clauses. They have the same form in the singular and plural.

99
Q

where do adjectives go?

A

They generally go before the noun they modify, but after linking verbs:

100
Q

what are possessive adjectives?

A

my, your, his, her, our, your, their. They are always followed by a noun.
Ex: MY mother told me he was a liar.

101
Q

Are determiners considered adjectives? and why?

A

they are also considered adjectives. They somehow affect the meaning of the noun.
ex: A girl came into THE shop and told THE woman at THE counter to give her some money

102
Q

when do pronouns function as adjectives?

A

When they come before a noun, they are considered adjectives. They are called pronominal adjectives

103
Q

what are prononimal adjectives?

A

a pronoun that functions as an adjective - when they come before a noun

104
Q

what are demonstrative adjectives?

A

this that these those

105
Q

what are interrogative adjectives?

A

whose which what

106
Q

what are indefinite adjectives?

A

another, any, both, each, either, many, neither, one, other, some

107
Q

what are cardinal and ordinal numbers as adjectives?

A

Ex: four students passed the tests

the fourth man in the queue is peter

108
Q

when can nouns be adjectives?

A

when modifying another noun as in compound nouns, for example.
WINTER holiday
The BOY’S shirt
COFFEE table

109
Q

what are participial adjectives?

A 
verb forms that modify nouns. They end in –ed or –ing. When the participial adjectives end in –ed, they describe people’s emotions. When they end in –ing they describe a thing or a situation. 
Ex: he was BORED (descriving a feeling)
the film was BORING (descrbing a thing)
the BROKEN cup
the TORN page
LOST time
110
Q

what are compound adjectives?

A

they are modifying phrases made up of two or more words that can be joined by a hyphen.
ex: cool-headed, well-dressed, good-looking, open-minded, three-hour (trip)

111
Q

what are intensifying adjectives?

A 
used when describing abstract or non-physical nouns:
ex: ABSOLUTE despair
a COMPLETE idiot
TOTAL happiness 
UTTER loathing
112
Q

what are some examples of adjectives with a prepositioal phrase

A 
worried about 
bad / good at 
based on 
disappointed with/in                               + noun 
subject to 
interested in 
successful in
113
Q

what are examples of adjectives with a that clause

A 
I am sure that… 
He was glad that… 
They were amazed that…                       + S + verb 
It is possible that… 
It is essential that…
114
Q

what are examples of an adjective with to- infinitive

A

He is hard to convince.
She is difficult to please.
I was unable to answer those questions.

115
Q

what are attributive adjectives?

A

can be used before the noun acting as pre-modifiers: elder, eldest, former, indoor, only, upper, low, main, etc.
the LATE president
a HARD worker

116
Q

what are predicative adjectives

A

are used in the predicate as subject complement after linking verbs. Some are never used before nouns: awake, asleep, pleased, alone, alive, ashamed, etc.
ex: i felt TIRED this morning

117
Q

what is the order of adjectives?

A 
Opinion
Size
Age
Shape
Colour
Origin
Material
Purpose /use NOUN 
nice 	big 	old 	round 	black 	Italian 	leather 	portable computer
118
Q

what are determiners?

A

noun-markers and are always placed before a noun: a, an, the, this, that, these, those, each, every, either, neither, much, enough, possessive adjectives, some, any, no, few, more, all, both and such.

119
Q

what are the subcategories within the determiners group?

A

a. Articles: They refer to specific or general things.

i. Indefinite articles: a/an
ii. The definite article: the

b. Quantifiers: They tell us about how much or how many:
(a) few, (a) little, many, much, several, none of, a couple of, a bit of, a great deal of, plenty of, most of, lots of , a lot of, some, any, no, etc…

120
Q

when can you use the article a/an

A

. You only use these articles with a singular countable noun.

I am eating an orange.
She is a doctor.

b. You use a/an to talk about a person or thing for the first time.

A man entered the shop. The man was carrying a heavy bag.

c. Used with an adjective and a noun after a linking verb to give more information on the subject.

He was a caring man.

d. With jobs.

She is a teacher.

e. With nouns that refer to numbers, money, weights.

a thousand a dollar a kilo

f. With singular countable nouns when they refer to people or things in general.

A whale is a mammal.

121
Q

which nouns do we use an for?

A

when the following noun starts with the vowels: a, e, i, o, u.

an apple, an egg, an ice- cream, an orange, an umbrella

However, when the letter ‘u’ is pronounced /ju:/, which has consonantal properties, ‘a’ is used.

a uniform, a union, a unicorn, etc.

‘a’ is also used for the word European, as the first syllable ‘eu’ is pronounced /ju:/

a European woman.

h. An is also used before a noun beginning with a silent ‘h’.

an hour an honourable person

122
Q

when is the article the used?

A

a. It is used when the noun is known or has been mentioned before.

The students were very tired after the exam. (The speaker and listener know which students and which exam they are talking about).
A man entered the shop. The man was carrying a bag. (The man becomes known to the reader after it has already been mentioned once).

b. It is used with a relative clause or a prepositional phrase when we are specifying which person or thing we are talking about.

I want to get information on the history of this city.
The man that I saw at the bus stop this morning was Sue’s friend.

c. With superlatives.

She is the most beautiful girl I’ve ever seen.

d. With nouns that are unique or there is only one of that kind.

The kitchen is huge. (There is only one kitchen in a house).
the sun / the moon/ the sky

e. With instruments.

I played the piano when I was a child.

f. When we talk about a family.

I invited the Robinsons for dinner.

g. With proper nouns which refer to geographical places.

the Atlantic Ocean

h. With groups of islands and mountain ranges.

the Alps the Bahamas

i. With countries whose names include ‘republic, states, kingdom, union’ or have plural names.

the Soviet Union the United States of America the Netherlands

j. With adjectives such as poor, rich, old, deaf, etc. to talk about a group of people.

the rich and the poor a good appliance for the deaf

123
Q

when do we omit the use of the article the

A

a. The is not used with nouns such as hospital, church, prison, school, university etc, when they refer to the primary purpose of that noun.

He went to church. (He went to pray).
He went to the church. (He went to talk to the priest).
He is in hospital. (He is sick).
He is in the hospital. (He went to visit someone).

b. With names

Mary, Mr Brown…

c. With countries that have singular nouns as their names

Italy Japan

d. With lakes, continents, streets, cities

Lake Louise Lake Ontario Asia Hyde Park Ave.

e. With the name of individual mountains or islands

Everest Bali

124
Q

when do you use a and an

A
  1. when you are introducing something for the first time
  2. to show someone of something is one of a group
  3. when you say someones job (ex. she is a nurse)
125
Q

when do you not need to use a or an

A
  1. uncountable nouns ex: rice

2. plural nouns (cherries)

126
Q

when do you use the?

A
  1. after you already mentioned someone/something for the first time
    ex: the rainbow (i saw yesterday) was beautiful
  2. used for uncountable and plural nouns
    ex: the rice was good
  3. when there is only one of something
  4. used with superlative adjectives
    ex: it is the highest mountain.
    it is the most important thing
  5. with some adjectives to talk about groups of people
    ex: the poor, the elderly.
127
Q

when do we not use “the”

A
  1. when we speak about people or things in general
    ex: opticans prescribe glasses. information is money
  2. with sports, subjects of study, meals.
    ex: im not keen on jogging or basket.
    he had decided to study law instead of history
    what shall we do for lunch?
  3. with proper nouns, including names of people, companies, cities, countries, continents, languages, special days, elements etc.
    ex: simon has four children
    ive never bee to europe
    they speak italian and spanish
    apple and microsoft are competitors
    christmas is celebrated in many countries
128
Q

what are some exceptions to proper nouns that require the in front

A
  1. countries whose names include words like kingdom, states, republic or have plural nouns as their names
    ex: the united kingdom, the irish republic, the philippes.
  2. geographical features like mountains, ranges, rivers seas
    ex the Amazon, the River Thames, the Red Sea
  3. Newpapers
    ex: The Telegraph, the Herald
  4. Wellknown buildings or works of art
    ex: the Taj Mahal, the Mona Lisa
  5. Families
    ex: the Simpsons
129
Q

‘“what are some mixed categories where some need “the” and some do not

A
  1. Organisations
    ex: the Red Cross, the European Union (the EU), Green Peace
  2. Universities
    (the University of Bath. Oxford University, Harvard
  3. Musical instruments
    ex: british english is common to have the ex: i play the piano
    american english its common to not have it: ex: i play piano
    4, Transport
    ex: if you use “by” there is no the. ex: go by train, go by metro. otherwise you must use the the ex: take the train, take the metro
  4. places ex: home, work, school university, jail, bed, church, hospital (do not need) - hes at university, hes at church. ex: hes at the dentist, hes at the cinema
  5. numbers
    carinal number “the” is not necessary ex: room 305, paragraph 8,
    ordinal numbers “the” is necessary ex: the third floor, the 8th line
130
Q

what is both used with

A

used with countable plural nouns.

131
Q

what is neither used with

A

singular nouns unless they are used as pronouns with the preposition of or As conjunctions to give alternatives: ex: Either … or: You can have either a refund or a voucher.
Neither … nor: Neither Peter nor I was** at home.

132
Q

what is another used with

A

singular nouns or a number and plural noun
ex: another glass of wine
another 2 years

133
Q

what is other used with? and the other?

A

Other is used with plural nouns; the other with singular ones:

He has other things to tell you.
The other thing he wants to tell you is that he has been fired.

134
Q

what are each and every followed by?

A

followed by a singular noun. They refer to all the members of a group. Each is used when you consider the members as individuals.

Each student has to bring a toy for the festival.

Every is used when you consider the members as a group, speaking in general.

Every day I get up very early. (General statement about all days of the week)

135
Q

I know what Im doing, i wasnt born yesterday

A

so cosa faccio, non sono nata ieri

136
Q

when theres snow in the city, is a big hassle/bother

A

quando c’è la neve in citta, è una gran seccatura

137
Q

its been about 6 months since your last vivsit

A

sono passati 6 mesi dalla sua ultima visita

138
Q

they are veyr late, i fear that they were in an accident

A

sono molto in ritardo, temo che abbiano avuto un incidente

139
Q

we will write you a postcard from switzerland

A

ti scriveremo una cartolina dalla svezia

140
Q

mix all the ingredients in the same pot well heated

A

mescolare tutti gli ingredienti nella stessa pentola ben calda

141
Q

at the end add 2 tablespoons of cream

A

alla fine agguingere 2 cucchiai di panna

142
Q

atleast 12 million italians eat lunch our of the house for reasons of study or work

A

almeno docici millioni di italiani pranzano fuori casa per motivi di studio o lavoro

143
Q

this is a significant change from the food habits and the traditional life styles

A

questo è un cambiamento significativo delle abitudini alimentari e degli stili di vita tradizionali

144
Q

to avoid

A

evitare

145
Q

an omelette is easy to heat up in the microwave at the office but it requires organization because you have to prepare the evening before

A

una frittata è facile da riscaldare al microonde in ufficio ma richiede l’organizzazione perche si prepare la sera prima

146
Q

bring it from home or buy it at the bar or at the restaurant, its really a healthy food alternative

A

portalo/la da casa o comparlo/la al bar o al ristorante. è davvero un;alternativa alimentare sana

147
Q

dont soak the lettuce for too long

A

non lasciare l;insalata a bagno troppo a lungo

148
Q

dont season with salt or pepper

A

non condire con sale ne pepe

149
Q

to fry

A

soffriggere

150
Q

to slice

A

affettare

151
Q

to roast

A

arrostire

152
Q

to boil

A

bollire

153
Q

to freeze

A

congelare

154
Q

to mix

A

mescolare

155
Q

to weigh

A

pesae

156
Q

to brown

A

rosolare

157
Q

to drain

A

scolare

158
Q

certain healthy habits can help you live a better life

A

alcune sane abitudini possono aiutare a vivere meglio

159
Q

if you cant manage to calm the dog

A

se non riesci a calmare il cane

160
Q

i need a cord/rope to tie together these sticks

A

ho bisogno di una corda per legare questi bastoni

161
Q

the sunset on the sea is very picturesque

A

il tramonto sul mare è molto pittoresco

162
Q

we will save 15 000 queos

A

risparmieremo quindici milla euro

163
Q

shes crying because he pulled her hair

A

piange perche ha tirato i suoi capelli

164
Q

the police wear a uniform with a blue jacket

A

la polizia indossa una divisa con la giacca blu

165
Q

will you give me a hand cleaning? in return ill give you 10 euros?

A

mi dai una mano a pulire? in cambio ti daro 10 euro

166
Q

we saw eachother often last week and we will see eachother again tonight

A

ci siamo visti spesso la scorsa settimana e ci vedremo anche stasera

167
Q

light meals

A

pasti leggeri

168
Q

why are snacks and little pizzas not suitable for a lunch break

A

perche snack e pizzette non sono adatti alla pausa pranzo

169
Q

because theyre too fattening and contain too much salt

A

perche sono troppo grossi e contengono troppo sale

170
Q

what types of salad are easy to prepare and to find at the bar

A

che tipi di insalata sono facili da preparare e da trovare al bar

171
Q

what are the pros and cons

A

quali sono i pro e i contro

172
Q

its heavy to digest

A

è pesante da digerire

173
Q

it has too many calories

A

ha troppe calorie

174
Q

its too fattening

A

è troppo grasso

Tesol (2 decks)

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