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LOM > Module 16 - Skin > Flashcards

Module 16 - Skin Flashcards

1
Q

The skin and its accessory organs—the hair, nails, and sweat and sebaceous glands are known as

A

the integumentary system

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2
Q

-logy

A

study of

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3
Q

(dermat/o) or (derm/o) or (cutane/o)

A

skin

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4
Q

The specialty or study of the disorders and treatments of the skin

A

dermatology

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5
Q

sub-

A

beneath

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6
Q

(kerat/o)

A

hard

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7
Q

The skin consists of a thin outer, avascular (without blood vessels) layer called

A

epidermis

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8
Q

a deeper, dense layer of
connective tissue in the skin

A

the dermis

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9
Q

beneath the dermis is ____________________________, which is a spongy, porous layer with a rich blood supply and a wealth of fat-producing cells

A

subcutaneous

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10
Q

The most superficial layer of the epidermis is formed from thin, flat, scalelike cells called
squamous epithelial cells

A

stratum corneum

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11
Q

the deepest level of the epidermis “the basal layer”

A

stratum germinativum

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12
Q

a hard, water-repellent protein

A

keratin

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13
Q

keratinized cells

A

keratinocytes

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14
Q

the barrier area of the skin because of the protective function it performs

A

stratum corneum

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15
Q

special cells distributed throughout the basal layer of the epidermis that contain the pigment melanin

A

melanocytes

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16
Q

the dermis is also known as

A

the corium

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17
Q

a layer of the dermis in which the ridges of form our fingerprints and footprints

A

the papillary layer

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18
Q

(reticul/o)

A

dense network

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19
Q

a protein that gives the skin its strength

A

collagen

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20
Q

(hidr/o)

A

sweat

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21
Q

(adip/o)

A

fat

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22
Q

fat cells

A

adipocytes

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23
Q

(pil/o) or (trich/o)

A

hair

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24
Q

an outgrowth from the skin of flexible, keratinized fibers

A

hair

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25
Q

Each fiber of hair consists of a root and a shaft embedded within a saclike structure known as ___________________

A

hair follicle

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26
Q

the visible portion of the hair— the tightly woven network of keratinocytes

A

hair shaft

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27
Q

cells found at the root of the hair follicle that produce the melanin that is responsible for hair color

A

melanocytes

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28
Q

the visible part of the nail

A

nail body

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29
Q

a fold of skin in nails

A

cuticle

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30
Q

at the base of each nail lies the nail root, which is also called

A

the nail matrix

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31
Q

the site of nail growth in many people

A

lunula

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32
Q

the soft tissue that surrounds the nail border

A

paronychia

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33
Q

glands that secrete an oily substance called sebum

A

Sebaceous glands

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34
Q

(seb/o)

A

sebum

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35
Q

the term used for the combination of the hair follicle and the attached sebaceous gland.

A

the pilosebaceous unit

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36
Q

tiny, coiled structures located in the dermis, the ducts of which open directly onto the surface of the skin as pores.

A

eccrine glands

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37
Q

larger excretory organs deeply embedded in the dermal layer of skin under the arms (axilla) and near the genitals ( they’re also called sweat glands )

A

apocrine glands

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38
Q

another name for sweating

A

perspiration

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39
Q

any visible change in tissue caused by injury or disease

A

lesion

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40
Q

lesion that arise from normal skin as the result of a pathologic process (disease or infection)

A

primary lesions

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41
Q

changes that occur within primary lesions like ulcers, crusts, erosions, scars, keloids, and fissures

A

secondary lesions

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42
Q

a wearing away or loss of epidermal tissue

A

erosion

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43
Q

a collection of dried serum and cellular debris

A

crust

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44
Q

a grooved sore

A

fissure

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45
Q

an open sore on the skin or mucous membranes that is deeper than an erosion

A

ulcer

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46
Q

a break in the skin lining of the anal canal

A

anal fissure

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47
Q

medical term for itching

A

pruritus

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48
Q

a closed, thick-walled sac that contains fluid or semisolid material

A

a cyst

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49
Q

a hair-containing cyst found in the sacral region of the back

A

pilonidal cyst

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50
Q

a sebumfilled cyst most often found on the scalp, vulva, and scrotum

A

sebaceous cyst

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51
Q

small, circumscribed elevations on the skin that contain serous fluid

A

vesicles

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52
Q

any vesicle larger than 1 centimeter

A

bulla

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53
Q

skin inflammation

A

dermatitis

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54
Q

papules that are filled with pus

A

pustules

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55
Q

(py/o)

A

pus

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56
Q

a flat, circumscribed lesion less than a centimeter in diameter and may vary in color

A

macule

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57
Q

a large macule, greater than 1 centimeter in diameter

A

patch

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58
Q

a smooth, edematous (swollen), irregularly shaped, solid elevation of the skin

A

wheal

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59
Q

a small, solid raised skin lesion that is less than 1 centimeter in diameter

A

papule

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60
Q

a benign growth described as a pedunculated

A

skin tag

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60
Q

an elevated flat lesions

A
61
Q

a growth extending from the surface of a mucous membrane

A

polyp

62
Q

solid, round, or oval-elevated lesions that are at least 1 centimeter in diameter

A

nodules

63
Q

a common skin disorder observed in 80% of adolescents

A

acne

64
Q

Inflamed sebum plugs are known as

A

comedones

65
Q

an open comedone that develops when the pore is only partially obstructed

A

a blackhead

66
Q

a closed comedone that forms when the pore is completely blocked

A

a whitehead

67
Q

medical term for hives

A

urticaria

68
Q

most common inflammatory disorder of the skin

A

eczema

69
Q

the condition of redness of the skin caused by dilation and congestion of the capillaries

A

erythema

70
Q

(erythem/o) or (erythemat/o)

A

redness

71
Q

(myc/o)

A

fungus

72
Q

medical term for a fungal infection

A

mycosis

73
Q

a fungal infection of the skin that may affect the stratum corneum, the hair, or the nails

A

tinea

74
Q

a type of tinea that exhibits pink-to-red ringlike plaques (elevated flat lesions of 1 centimeter or larger in diameter) with raised borders.

A

tinea corporis

75
Q

(ped/o)

A

foot

76
Q

a type of tinea that affects the skin between the toes, also known as athlete’s foot

A

tinea pedis

77
Q

a type of tinea in which there’s an infection of the scalp

A

tinea captitis

78
Q

a disease of bearded portions of the neck and face

A

tinea barbae

79
Q

a type of tinea that affects the nails

A

tinea unguium

80
Q

(ungu/o)

A

nails

81
Q

a test in which they use scrapings from the skin lesions help diagnose the type of fungal growth

A

fungal test

82
Q

a contagious dermatitis caused by penetration into the stratum corneum of the scabies itch mite.

A

scabies

83
Q

a fungal infection of the nails that may develop from the use of artificial fingernails

A

Onychomycosis

84
Q

loosening of the nail plate with separation from the nail bed

A

onycholysis

85
Q

a rash is also called

A

exanthem

86
Q

-lysis

A

loosening

87
Q

another name for measles

A

rubeola

88
Q

another name for chickenpox

A

varicella

89
Q

another common viral illness in children, which is caused by an enterovirus.

A

Hand-foot-and-mouth disease (HFMD)

90
Q

a contagious skin disorder caused by staphylococcal or streptococcal infection

A

impetigo

91
Q

small, flat discolorations

A

macules

92
Q

an inflammatory, purulent bacterial dermatitis

A

pyoderma

93
Q

a diffuse, acute skin infection marked by local heat, redness, pain, and swelling and is caused by a bacterium

A

cellulitis

94
Q

a chronic inflammatory autoimmune skin disorder in which thick, scaly lesions form because of an excessive growth rate of epithelial cells

A

psoriasis

95
Q

a chronic, progressive autoimmune disorder of the connective tissue

A

scleroderma

96
Q

an autoimmune disease that may be genetic or acquired and is usually chronic, it is characterized by milk-white patches surrounded by areas of normal pigmentation

A

vitiligo

97
Q

an inherited deficiency or absence of pigment in the skin, hair, and eyes caused by an abnormal production of melanin

A

albinism

98
Q

(albin/o)

A

white

99
Q

the absence or loss of hair from areas where it normally grows, especially from the scalp

A

alopecia

100
Q

an autoimmune disease in which the hair falls out in patches without any scarring or inflammation

A

alopecia areata

101
Q

a chronic inflammatory disease of the connective tissue that affects the skin, joints, kidneys, nervous system, and mucous membranes

A

systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)

102
Q

crackline lesions are known as

A

fissures

103
Q

a collection of pus in a confined space.

A

abscess

104
Q

red or purple discoloration seen on the surface of the skin caused by bleeding under the skin

A

purpura

105
Q

When the purpura spots are as small as pinpoints, they are called _____________

A

petechia

106
Q

large purpura are called (same as bruises)

A

ecchymoses

107
Q

Bacterial invasion and the subsequent decomposition of necrotic tissue

A

gangrene

108
Q

a circumscribed, craterlike lesion that results from tissue death

A

ulcer

109
Q

tissue death

A

necrosis

110
Q

an example of ulcer, which is an open sore over a bony prominence caused by an external pressure source, such as the mattress of a bed.

A

decubitus ulcer

111
Q

any abnormal growth or formation

A

neoplasm

112
Q

neo-

A

new

113
Q

-plasm

A

formation

114
Q

a benign neoplasm that is a thickened, rough lesion of the epidermis and is an abnormal condition in which a lesion develops as a result of excessive growth and hardening of the epidermis

A

keratosis

115
Q

-osis

A

abnormal condition

116
Q

a benign lesion that is dark in color and results from an overgrowth of the upper epidermis

A

Seborrheic keratosis

117
Q

a keratosis caused by an overexposure to ultraviolet (UV) light

A

Actinic keratosis

118
Q

a smooth, thick mass that develops from the epidermis of the feet and toes and demonstrates a hard, whitish core

A

corn (clavus)

119
Q

a growth that is not tender, and tends to grow on the weight-bearing areas of the feet and on the palmar surface of the hands

A

callus

120
Q

a benign tumor of the epidermal layer of the
skin

A

verruca or wart

121
Q

(hem/o)

A

blood

122
Q

(angi/o)

A

vessel

123
Q

a benign tumor made up of a bundle of blood vessels

A

hemangioma

124
Q

a lesion that results from excessive collagen formation in the skin during tissue repair

A

keloid

125
Q

The scar tissue that develops during the process of normal healing is known as a

A

cicatrix

126
Q

a lesion that may become cancerous, with associate growths like thick white patches or plaques on the tongue or cheeck

A

leukoplakia

127
Q

(leuk/o)

A

white

128
Q

-plakia

A

plaque

129
Q

a circumscribed, hyperpigmented area of the skin (mole)

A

nevus

130
Q

nevi that have atypical cells and are potentially cancerous

A

dysplastic nevus

131
Q

dys-

A

bad or abnormal

132
Q

-plastic

A

pertaining to formation

133
Q

cancerous growths composed of melanocytes,

A

melanoma

134
Q

(melan/o)

A

black

135
Q

the black pigment produced by melanocytes

A

melanin

136
Q

a cancerous tumor that arises from the squamous epithelial cells of the epidermis

A

squamous cell carcinoma

137
Q

(carcin/o)

A

cancerous

138
Q

(squam/o)

A

scale

139
Q

-ous

A

pertaining to

140
Q

a suspected allergen is injected into the skin to assess sensitivity

A

intradermal injection

141
Q

a small piece of living tissue from a lesion is removed for microscopic examination to look for cancer cells

A

skin biopsy

142
Q

a biopsy that involves suctioning tissue from a fluid-filled lesion through a fine needle into a syringe

A

aspiration biopsy

143
Q

a biopsy that involves removing living skin cells by rotating a hollow needle within the underlying cellular layers.

A

needle biopsy

144
Q

a biopsy that is performed to remove the core of the abnormal tissue when excision of the entire lesion is not possible

A

punch biopsy

145
Q

a biopsy that involves incising the lesion with a cut that is parallel to the skin

A

shave biopsy

146
Q

a surgical procedure for removing scars

A

dermabrasion

147
Q

a procedure that involves the application of chemicals that remove surface layers of skin cells

A

chemabrasion

148
Q

the application of subfreezing liquid nitrogen to destroy the lesion

A

cryosurgery

149
Q

using a scoop-shaped tool called a curette to remove lesions

A

curettage

150
Q

destroying tissue within a small, well defined border by burning with an electric spark

A

electrodesiccation

151
Q

removal of damaged tissue

A

debridement

LOM (4 decks)

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