module 16

Question 1

Its purpose is to gather useful information to find solutions to research questions of interest

Answer 1

data analysis

Question 2

may be used to:
- Describe data sets
- Determine the degree of relationship of variables
- Determine differences between variables
- Predict outcomes
- Compare variables

Answer 2

Data Analysis

Question 3

• Used for labeling variables.
• Sometimes called “categorical data.”
• Example is the “Yes or No Scale.”

Answer 3

nominal scale

Question 4

• Assigns order on items on the characteristics to be measured.
• Involves the ranking of individuals, attitudes, and characteristics.
• Example is the “Strongly Agree, Agree, Disagree, or Strongly Disagree Scale.”

Answer 4

ordinal scale

Question 5

• Has equal units of measurements, thereby, making it possible to interpret the order scale scores and the distance between them.
• Do not have a “true zero.”

Answer 5

interval scale

Question 6

• Considered the highest level of measurement.
• Has the characteristics of an interval scale but it has a zero point.

Answer 6

ratio scale

Question 7

Tests look for an association between variables.

Answer 7

correlation

Question 8

Tests for the strength of the association between two continuous variables.

Answer 8

pearson correlation

Question 9

Tests for the strength of the association between two ordinal variables.

Answer 9

spearman correlation

Question 10

Tests for the strength of the association between two categorical variables.

Answer 10

chi-square

Question 11

Look for the difference between the means of variables.

Answer 11

comparison of means

Question 12

Tests for difference between two related variables.

Answer 12

paired T-test

Question 13

Tests for difference between two independent variables.

Answer 13

independent T-test

Question 14

Tests the difference between group means after any other variance in the outcome variable is accounted for.

Answer 14

ANOVA

Question 15

Assess if change in one variable predicts change in another variable.

Answer 15

regression

Question 16

Tests how change in the predictor variable predicts the level of change in the outcome variable.

Answer 16

simple regression

Question 17

Tests how change in the combination of two or more predictor variables predict the level of change in the outcome variable.

Answer 17

multiple regression

Question 18

• Used when you are comparing two or more groups.

Answer 18

Hypothesis Testing

Question 19

• When evaluating this, you need to account for both the variability in your sample and how large your sample is.

Answer 19

Hypothesis Testing

Question 20

• Make an assessment of whether any differences you see are meaningful or if they are likely just due to chance.

Answer 20

Hypothesis Testing

Question 21

• Uses a test statistic that compares groups or examines associations between variables.

Answer 21

Hypothesis Testing

Question 22

Statement of no effect, relationship, or difference between two or more groups or factors.

Answer 22

null hypothesis

Question 23

• Statement that there is an effect or difference.
• Usually the hypothesis the researcher is interested in proving.

Answer 23

alternative hypothesis