Module 15 Flashcards
A crabapple tree now produces normal sized apples. How did this happen?
Grafting
Genetically, what is the difference between vegetative and sexual reproduction in plants.
Vegetative reproduction results in an exact copy of the parent plant, sexual reproduction results in a slightly different plant.
What is the male reproductive organ of a flower?
Stamen
Stay’ mens
What is the female reproductive organ of a flower?
Carpel
Car’pul
Why are pollen grains and embryo sacs sometimes considered the gametophyte generation of an alternation of generations life cycle?
They are multicellular and haploid.
What two types of cells are found in a pollen grain?
A tube nucleus and a sperm cell
Typically, how many cells are in an embryo sac?
Seven
How many of the cells in the embryo sac get fertilized?
Two
What are the five basic parts of a flower?
The pedicel, (ped' uh sil) the sepals, (see' puls) the petals, the stamens, (stay'mens) and the carpel.(car'pul)
What three parts make up the carpel?
The stigma, the style, and the ovary
What is another name for the carpel?
The pistil
What two parts make up the stamen?
The anther and the filament
(an’ thur)
How many sperm cells are used in fertilization?
Two
Where does the endospore come from?
It is formed when a sperm cell fuses with the megaspore, which has two nucleii
What is the endosperm’s purpose?
To provide nutrients to the zygote.
What is the difference between pollination and fertilization?
Pollination is the process of pollen getting from the anther to the carpel. Fertilization is the process of a sperm cell fusing with another cell?
How do cotyledons provide food for the plant before germination?
They make it easier for the embryo to obtain nutrients from the endosperm
How do cotyledons provide food for the plant after germination?
They form leaflike structures and perform photosynthesis
Name the three different parts of a plant embryo and what each gives rise to in germination.
The radicle (rad'ih kul) which makes the roots, the hypocotyl,(hi' puh kot' uhl) which makes the stem, and the epicotyl,(ep' uh kot' uhl) which makes the leaves.
What is the purpose of fruit?
To move seeds away from the parent plant
Name the ways in which pollination can occur.
Wind, bees, butterflies, moths, birds, and beetles.
Red, scentless flowers attract what?
Birds
General sweet smelling flowers attract what?
Bees
Flowers that smell of organic waste attract what?
Beetles