MODULE 14 - MORAL THEORIES Flashcards
the system through which we determine right and wrong conduct – i.e., the guide to
good or right conduct.
morality
the philosophical study of Morality
ethics
The words “moral” and “ethics” (and cognates) are not used interchangeably.
false
explains why a certain action is wrong – or why we ought to act in certain ways. theory of how we determine right and wrong conduct. provide the
framework upon which we think and discuss in a reasoned way, and so evaluate, specific moral issues.
moral theory
Theories of Morality
- Moral Subjectivism
- Cultural Relativism
- Ethical Egoism
- Divine Command Theory
- Virtue Ethics
- Feminist Ethics
- Utilitarianism
- Kantian Theory
- Contractarianism
The principles of right and wrong (or Justice) are those which everyone in society would agree
upon in forming a social contract.
Contractarianism
is where right or wrong are determined by what you – the subject – just
happens to think (or ‘feel’) is right or wrong. This is simply based on your personal assessment and
judgment.
MORAL SUBJECTIVISM
Right and wrong is determined by the particular set of principles or rules the relevant culture
just happens to hold at the time. This is also based on the idea that different people have different cultures
that are why right or wrong is based on how one’s culture dictates morality.
CULTURAL RELATIVISM
Right and wrong are determined by rationality, giving universal duties.
KANTIAN THEORY
Right and wrong is determined by the overall goodness (utility) of the consequences of the
action.
UTILITARIANISM
Utilitarianism is a Consequentialist moral theory.
TRUE
Right and wrong is determined by what is in your self-interest. Or, it is immoral to act contrary
to your self-interest.
ETHICAL EGOISM
Right and wrong come from the commands of God (or the gods)
DIVINE COMMAND THEORY
Right and wrong are to be found in women’s responses to the relationship of caring.
FEMINIST ETHICS
