Module 14 Flashcards
Healthy environments are …
essential for optimal health and health care
ANA Scope and Standards for Environmental Health
Environmental health is essential knowledge for nurses
Nurses should avoid products or practices that harm health or the environment
Nurses have a right to work in a safe and healthy place and have the right to timely information regarding any hazardous exposures
Multidisciplinary collaboration sustain healthy environments
Best practice should govern choice of materials, products, technology and practices in the environment that affect nurses
Nurses should respect the diversity of the people whom they serve
Nurses should focus on the quality of the environment in which they and their clients work and live
Nurses, other health care workers, families, patients and communities have the right to know timely information about potentially harmful products
Nurses should participate in research related to promoting a safe and healthy environment
Nurses should participate in advocacy related to promoting a safe and healthy environment
HP2020 Objectives involve what topicsq
Outdoor air quality
Water quality
toxics and waste
Healthy homes and healthy communities
infrastructure and surveillance
global environmental health
T and F: ANA considers environmental health an essential part of a nurse’s practice
True
Important Nurses in regard to Environmental Health
Florence N
Lillian Wald and Mary Brewster (Henry Street Settlement)
focus on environmental contamination and poverty and exposure to environmental hazards
Institute of Medicine recommendations for nurses
to have basic understanding of environmental health principles and integrate them into all aspects of practice, education, advocacy, policies, and research
Toxicology
study of negative effects of chemical exposure
Epidemiology
science of association between exposures and human health effects
Epidemiology Triangle
Agent, host, and environment
Geographic Information Systems (GIS)
code data related spatially to place
a way to take data and map it to a place on earth - can look at a specific pop there and housing, diseases, family things etc
When approaching environmental health, you must use a ___ approach
multidisciplinary (geologies meteorologists, politicians, chemists, nurses, etc)
Point Source
a fixed identifiable site and source for where a contaminant is coming from
What are examples of point source?
Air - like with smoke stacks
Water - discharges into water from industry
Land - chemicals added to soil, animal waste
Food - bacteria pesticides, etc
Non Point Source
Diffuse sources without a very determined sources
What are examples of point source?
Air - smog
Land - acidity of soil, run off
Water - run off, contamination
Food - fishing, low o2 in water, mercury - large quantities
What sort of source is motor vehicle traffic emission on Vestal Parkway
non point source (cannot be traced to a certain vehicle)
What sort of source is lourdes hospital pipe draining into the susquehanna river?
point source - particular spot of pollution
What sort of source is run off from city streets after a rain storm into the sewers?
non - point source - general in origin
What does IPREPARE mean for a windshield survey for an environmental health assessment ?
Windshield Survery first then …
Investigate potential exposures
Present work
Residential exposures
Environmental concerns
Past work exposures
Activites
Referrals and resources
Educate (follow up)
Right to Know Laws
the public hawse a right to know about hazardous chemicals in the environment
EPA provides envirofacts, CCR is a consumer confidence report on what pollutants are found in drinking water, and MSDS sheets are OSHA initiated stickers for dangers
MSDS
Material Safety Data Sheet
Blue - health hazard rating; red - fire hazard rating; white - specific hazard; yellow - reactivity rating
Environmental laws are contentious for what reasons
not only because of public or ecological health concerns, but also because of economic interests
Risk Assessment
process to determine the probability of a health threat associated with an exposure
What sort of things are done/needed for a risk assessment?
Access toxicological or epidemiological data, and determine if chemical associated with negative health effects.
Has a chemical been released into the environment (water, air, food)? How?
Multiple sources?
Estimate how much chemical might enter the body.
Is the chemical toxic? What is the source and amount of exposure? What is the route and duration?
The goal of assessment is to try to predict the potential for harm on the basis of the estimated exposure.