Module 1.3: Reproduction

Question 1

What are the two main types of REPRODUCTION ?

Answer 1

Question 2

What is the job of the MALE reproductive system?

Answer 2

The job of the male reproductive system is to MAKE LARGE NUMBERS OF SPERM and deliver these inside the body of the FEMALE.

Question 3

What are the main parts of the MALE reproductive system?

Answer 3

Penis, Scrotum and testicles

Question 4

What is the function of: TESTIS

Answer 4

Production of SPERM

Question 5

What is the function of: SCROTUM

Answer 5

Hold TESTES away from the BODY

(lower temperature for better sperm production)

Question 6

What is the function of: SPERM DUCT

Answer 6

CONNECTS Testes to the Urethra

Question 7

What is the function of: URETHRA

Answer 7

EXPEL sperm or urine from the penis

Question 8

What is the function of: GLANDS

Answer 8

ADD FLUID to the sperm

Question 9

What is the function of: PENIS

Answer 9

DELIVER sperm into the vagina

Question 10

What is the job of the FEMALE reproductive system?

Answer 10

The female’s role in reproduction is a bit more complex:

1. Her body PRODUCES the female sex cells (EGGS)
2. RECEIVES the SPERM from the male
3. FERTILISATION takes place in the female
4. Female provide PROTECTION for the developing baby

Question 11

What are the main parts of the FEMALE reproductive system?

Answer 11

Question 12

What is the function of: OVARY

Answer 12

To PRODUCE the eggs

Question 13

What is the function of: OVIDUCT

Answer 13

CONNECTS ovary to uterus

Question 14

What is the function of: UTERUS

Answer 14

Lining to RECEIVE the fertilised eggs.

Question 15

What is the function of: VAGINA

Answer 15

RECEIVES the sperm

Question 16

What are the SEX CELLS?

Answer 16

The Sex Cells (or GAMETES) are:

1. Sperm (Male)
2. Egg (Female)

Question 17

Can you describe the FERTILISATION process?

Answer 17

1. Fertilisation occurs in the OVIDUCTS
2. One sperm PENETRATES the egg
3. A MEMBRANE forms around the egg to PREVENT other sperms entering it.
4. Fertilisation is when SPERM NUCLEUS and the EGG NUCLEUS fuse together to form the ZYGOTE.

Question 18

Can you describe the process IMMEDIATELY AFTER FERTILISATION ?

Answer 18

1. Once fertilisation takes place, the zygote begins to DIVIDE
2. One cell becomes 2, which then divides to become four.
3. This ball of calls is known as the EMBRYO.
4. The embryo travels to the UTERUS and implants in the thickest LINING of the UTERUS.
5. Here the FERTILISED EGG will receive all the NUTRIENTS it needs to GROW.

Question 19

What are the main parts of the FERTILISATION process?

Answer 19

Question 20

Can you describe the DEVELOPMENT OF THE EMBRYO process?

Answer 20

1. Once the embryo implants in the wall of the uterus, it has to receive NUTRIENTS and OXYGEN from the mother.
2. The nutrients and oxygen are needed for the embryo to GROW and DEVELOP.
3. This role is carried out by the PLACENTA.

Question 21

Can you label the main parts of the PLACENTA?

Answer 21

Question 22

What is a PLACENTA?

Answer 22

The placenta is the embryo’s organ of: NOURISHMENT, GASEOUS EXCHANGE, and EXCRETION:

Question 23

What is the role of the PLACENTA?

Answer 23

The placenta provides:
.

1. NOURISHMENT: The placenta is an organ which allows the blood supplies of the mother and the embryo to come very close, but not in contact.
2. GASEOUS EXCHANGE: Oxygen and Nutrients pass from the mother’s blood into the embryo’s blood, which then flows along the Umbilical Cord to the developing embryo.
3. EXCRETION: Carbon Dioxide (CO2) and other Waste (e.g. urea) are returned to the mother’s blood in the opposite direction.

Question 24

What is the AMNIOTIC SAC?

Answer 24

1. Inside the uterus, the developing baby is enclosed in a sac - called the AMNIOTIC SAC
2. This is filled with AMNIOTIC FLUID
3. which CUSHIONS and PROTECTS the baby from sudden SHOCKS and BUMPS.

Question 25

Can you label the main parts of the **AMNIOTIC SAC** ?

Answer 25

Question 26

What is the function of: **AMNIOTIC SAC**

Answer 26

**STRUCTURE** that contains the **AMNIOTIC FLUID** and developing **EMBRYO**.

Question 27

What is the function of: **AMNIOTIC FLUID**

Answer 27

Fluid which **CUSHIONS** and **PROTECTS** and developing embryo from sudden **SHOCKS** and **BUMPS**.

Question 28

What is the function of: **UMBILICAL CORD**

Answer 28

Cord which attaches the developing **EMBRYO** to the **PLACENTA**

Question 29

What is the function of: **PLACENTA**

Answer 29

Organ which allows **EXCHANGE** of **MATERIALS** between the **MOTHER** and **EMBRYO**.

Question 30

What **HARMFUL SUBSTANCES** taken by the mother can have severe consequences for the development and safety of the baby?

Answer 30

1. Harmful substances such as **ALCOHOL**, **NICOTINE** (from smoking) and other **DRUGS** can also **CROSS** the **PLACENTA**. 2. These can have **HARMFUL** effects on the development of the embryo 3. May lead to serious **PHYSICAL** and **MENTAL ABNORMALITIES**.

Question 31

What type of graph is:

Answer 31

Line Graph

Question 32

What type of graph is:

Answer 32

Histogram

Question 33

What type of graph is:

Answer 33

Pie Chart

Question 34

What is **VARIATION**?

Answer 34

Variation is the term used to describe the **DIFFERENCES** between members of a **SPECIES** which are **NOT DUE** to **PHYSICAL ACCIDENT**.

Question 35

What are the two broad **CATEGORIES** of Variation?

Answer 35

Question 36

What are examples of **VARIATION**?

Answer 36

Question 37

What are the four types of FINGER PRINTS?

Answer 37

Question 38

A female frog released 1000 eggs, 750 are fertilised Of those fertilise, 250 were eaten After hatching, a further 400 tadpoles died . What percentage survived?

Answer 38