Module 12: Cell Cycle/Division

Question 0

How long is the G1 phase?

Answer 0

8-10 hours

Question 1

How long is the mammalian cell cycle in culture?

Answer 1

16 hours

Question 2

How long is S phase?

Answer 2

6-8 hours

Question 3

How long is the G2 phase?

Answer 3

4-6 hours

Question 4

How long is the M phase?

Answer 4

30-45 minutes

Question 5

What does the “G” in the G phases stand for?

Answer 5

Gap

Question 6

What does FACS stand for?

Answer 6

Fluorescence activated cell sorter

Question 7

What phases make up interphase?

Answer 7

G1, S, and G2

Question 8

Flow cytometry measures the ____________ of a population of cells.

Answer 8

DNA content

Question 9

What is the DNA content during G1 phase?

Answer 9

2n

Question 10

What is the DNA content during S phase?

Answer 10

2n-4n

Question 11

What is the DNA content during G2 phase?

Answer 11

4n

Question 12

What is the DNA content during M phase?

Answer 12

4n

Question 13

What is mitosis?

Answer 13

Nuclear division

Question 14

What is cytokinesis?

Answer 14

Cellular division

Question 15

What are the five stages of M phase?

Answer 15

Prophase, prometaphase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase

Question 16

What does the “M” in M phase stand for?

Answer 16

“Mitosis”

Question 17

What is the goal of mitosis?

Answer 17

Ensure sister chromatids are segregated and move to opposite ends of the cell

Question 18

What allows the cell to package the chromatids for neat segregation?

Answer 18

Chromosome condensation

Question 19

What allows the cell to stick like chromosomes together?

Answer 19

Cohesin

Question 20

What are the three main things that occur in prophase?

Answer 20

Chromosome condensation, centrosomes move apart, mitotic spindle starts to form

Question 21

Which ends of the microtubules anchor to the centrosomes?

Answer 21

The negative ends

Question 22

What is the open configuration of DNA called?

Answer 22

Euchromatin

Question 23

What is the close configuration of DNA called?

Answer 23

Heterochromatin

Question 24

How large is unpackaged DNA?

Answer 24

75 mm

Question 25

How large is packaged DNA?

Answer 25

5 micrometers

Question 26

What is the difference in size between packaged and unpackaged DNA?

Answer 26

Four orders of magnitude (15,000x)

Question 27

During which mitotic phase would you make a karyotype?

Answer 27

Prometaphase

Question 28

What protein keeps sister chromatids paired?

Answer 28

Cohesin

Question 29

What are the three main things that occur in prometaphase?

Answer 29

Nuclear envelope breaks down, centrosomes now at opposite poles of the cell, mitotic spindle seeks sister chromatids

Question 30

What causes the nuclear envelope to break down?

Answer 30

The phosphorylation of lamin

Question 31

What are the three types of microtubules that make up the spindle?

Answer 31

Kinetochore, astral, and polar

Question 32

What type of microtubule connects with the plasma membrane?

Answer 32

Astral microtubule

Question 33

Which type of microtubule is cross-linked by motor proteins?

Answer 33

Polar microtubules

Question 34

Is the minus side of microtubules negative?

Answer 34

No. Minus is not negative.

Question 35

What is the minus end of microtubules?

Answer 35

The slow-growing end

Question 36

What are the two main things that occur during metaphase?

Answer 36

Sister chromatids are lined up, sister chromatids are under equal tension from both spindle poles

Question 37

What area of the chromosomes do kinetochores bind to?

Answer 37

The centromere

Question 38

What is a kinetochore?

Answer 38

A large complex of many different proteins that attaches to the centromere