Module 1.2

Question 1

mainly designed to overcome the disadvantages of C and C++ and to develop internet applications (web applications) by achieving platform independence.

Answer 1

C#.NET Programming Language

Question 2

READ
● C# is simple because C# simplifies the programmer’s job by avoiding certain features of C and C++.

● C# avoids explicit memory management. Memory management in C# is automatic. It is done by CLR. So, there is no chance of memory leakage.

● There is a pointer concept in C# but it is restricted. C# is very familiar to programmers because it is modeled on the C and C++ languages.

● C# uses many features of C and C++; therefore, C# codes look like C and C++ codes.

● We can say C# is the simplified version of C and C++.

Answer 2

(NOTE LANG TO)
C# is simple and familiar

Question 3

READ
Portability allows the programmer to write the same code for different machines (operating systems). C# provides portability in two ways
○ Source Code Portability
○ IL Code Portability (DLL and EXE)

Answer 3

(NOTE LANG TO)
C# is portable

Question 4

READ
● The behavior of C# programs doesn’t change when we move from one system to another which means it will provide the same output in every machine because in C# memory layout decisions are not made at compile time, it is made at run time by CLR.

Answer 4

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C# is architecturally Neutral

Question 5

READ
● C# is secured because the C# programs are executed in a secured
environment called CLR. CLR will provide security to the C# programs.

Answer 5

(NOTE LANG TO)
C# is secured

Question 6

READ
● C# is a strong type-checking language having strict type-checking during both compilation time and execution time which allows us to develop error-free applications and programs.

Answer 6

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C# is Robust

Question 7

READ
● Using C# Programming Language, we can develop distributed applications whose resources are shared by more than one client.

Answer 7

(NOTE LANG TO)
C# is Distributed

Question 8

READ
● A process is divided into several small parts known as threads or lightweight processes.

● Sending multiple threads to the processor for processing is known as multithreading.

● Multi-threading means handling multiple tasks simultaneously.

Answer 8

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C# is Multithreaded

Question 9

READ
● C# 4.0 introduced a new type called dynamic that avoids compile-time type checking. A dynamic type escapes type checking at compile-time; instead, it resolves the type at run time.

Answer 9

(NOTE LANG TO)
C# is Dynamic

Question 10

READ
● C# compiler CSC translates source code into an intermediate language code known as MSIL (Microsoft Intermediate Language) or CIL (Common Intermediate Language) code. But these MSIL or CIL or IL codes are not machine instructions.

● These MSIL or CIL, or IL codes are interpreted by the C# interpreter (One Component of CLR called JIT- Just in Time Compiler).

● As a result, machine instructions will be generated which are directly executed by the machine. Hence, we are saying C# is both interpreted and compiled language.

Answer 10

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C# is Compiled and Interpreted

Question 11

READ
● Except for the primitive data types, all elements in C# are objects. Object-oriented is not a programming language, it is a programming technique or concept, or principle which defines a set of rules and regulations for organizing the data and instructions. The concepts provided by oops are as follows

○ Encapsulation

○ Abstraction

○ Polymorphism

○ Inheritance

Answer 11

(NOTE LANG TO)
C# is Object-Oriented

Question 12

READ
● Many Programming Languages are compatible with only one platform. Now, with the introduction of .NET Core or .NET, C# was specifically designed to be platform-independent. C# applications with .NET Core or .NET can be run on Windows, Linux, and Mac operating systems. So, we can say C# is Platform Independent with .NET Core or .NET.

Answer 12

(NOTE LANG TO)
C# is Platform Independent

Question 13

READ
● The .NET Framework automatically manages memory allocation and deallocation for objects.

● When a dot net application runs, lots of objects are created. At a given point in time, it is possible that some of those objects are not used by the application.

● Garbage Collector in .NET Framework is nothing but a Small Routine or you can say it is a Background Process that runs periodically and try to identify what objects are not being used currently by the application and de-allocates the memory of those objects. So, as a developer, we need not worry about how memory allocation and deallocation are done in .NET Applications.

Answer 13

(NOTE LANG TO)
Automatic Memory Management

Question 14

READ
C# Provides Strong Exception Handling Features which can be used to stop the Abnormal Termination of the program and you can also provide userunderstandable messages when an exception is raised.

Answer 14

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Exception Handling

Question 15

READ
C# is just a Simple, Secure, Robust, Portable, Platform-Independent,
Architectural Neutral, Multithreaded, Automatic Memory Management, Object- Oriented Programming Language with a strong type Exception Handling mechanism for developing different kinds of applications such as Web, Windows Form, Console, Web Services, Mobile Apps, etc. which can be run on different Operating Systems such as Windows, Linus, and Mac.

Answer 15

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What is C#?

Question 16

READ
● Simple: C# is a simple language in the sense that it provides a structured approach (to break the problem into parts), a rich set of library functions, data types, etc.

● Modern Programming Language: C# programming is based upon the current trend and it is very powerful and simple for building scalable, interoperable, and robust applications.

● Object-Oriented: C# is an object-oriented programming language. OOPs makes development and maintenance easier whereas in Procedure-oriented programming language it is not easy to manage if code grows as the project size grows.

● Type-Safe: C# type safe code can only access the memory location that it has permission to execute. Therefore, it improves the security of the program.

● Interoperability: The interoperability process enables the C# programs to do almost anything that a native C++ application can do.

● Scalable and Updateable: C# is an automatic scalable and updateable programming language. For updating our application, we delete the old files and update them with new ones.

● Component Oriented: C# is a component-oriented programming language. It is the predominant software development methodology used to develop more robust and highly scalable applications.

● Structured Programming Language: C# is a structured programming language in the sense that we can break the program into parts using functions. So, it is easy to understand and modify.

● Rich Library: C# provides a lot of inbuilt functions that make development fast.

● Fast Speed: The compilation and execution time of the C# language is fast.

Answer 16

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Features of C#

Question 17

● Window applications
● Web applications
● Distributed applications
● Web service applications
● Database applications
● Mobile Applications, etc

Answer 17

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Types of Applications Developed using C#

Question 18

READ
● C# is an object-oriented programming language provided by Microsoft that runs on the .NET Framework, NET Core, or .NET.

● It is approved by the European Computer Manufacturers Association (ECMA) and International Standards Organization (ISO).

● Anders Hejlsberg is known as the Founder of C# Programming Language.

● It is based on C++ and Java, but it has many additional extensions and features that are used to develop different types of Applications.

● C# was first released in the year 2002. It was introduced with .NET
Framework 1.0 and the current version of C# is 11.0 (As of November 2022)

Answer 18

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C# History