Module 11: Sharp Force & Blunt Force

Question 1

A scratch caused by friction, gasgas

Answer 1

abrasion

Question 2

clean cut, longer than deep

Answer 2

incision

Question 3

True or False
You can tell the direction of force based on the tail of incision.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

Cut but deeper than wide

Answer 4

Stab

Question 5

True or False
Stab wound can tell the direction of force but not the type of knife.

Answer 5

False. It can tell the type of knife.

Question 6

True or False
Puncture is parallel to the skin or bone surface.

Answer 6

False. Perpendicular

Question 7

Messy-looking wound caused by a tearing or crushing force. Putok ng laman.

Answer 7

Laceration

Question 8

Like abrasion but the tissue is torn away. Caused by tearing force.

Answer 8

Avulsion

Question 9

Putol

Answer 9

Amputation

Question 10

Pasa

Answer 10

Contusion

Question 11

Injuries caused by focused points or sharp objects which results to punctures and incisions.

Answer 11

Sharp force injuries

Question 12

What objects can cause SFI?

Answer 12

knives, broken glass, needles, serrated blades too.

Question 13

Characteristics of SFI

Answer 13

• sharp and clean wound edges
• stab, slash, and puncture wounds
• (2 remaining sa true or false)

Question 14

True or False
- depth and direcion of the wound depend oon the sharpness, force, focus, and angle of the object.
- SFI does not leave distinct patterns

Answer 14

• True
• False

Question 15

SFI Mechanisms

Answer 15

• Intentional: stabbings, assaults, homicides
• Accidental: mishandling
• Self- inflicted

Question 16

Forensic considerations of SFI

Answer 16

• analysis of SFI used in f. investigations

Question 17

What can be infer from SFI?

Answer 17

• weapon type and size
• direction of force
• depth and angle of penetration
• number and location of wounds

Question 18

True or False
SFI can tell specific weapon size

Answer 18

False. Not specific.

Question 19

True or Flase
It is easy to tell if blade is serrated or not , or of single- or double-edged blade

Answer 19

False. Hard.

Question 20

True or False
Penetrating wound: w/ exit wound
Perforating wound: w/o

Answer 20

False. Baliktad

Question 21

• Result form impact without sharp edges, such as fists, bats, or falls.

Answer 21

Blunt force injuries

Question 22

Injuries from BFI

Answer 22

• tissue damage
• fractures
• contusions

Question 23

True or False
It is BFI even if the objects penetrates the skin.

Answer 23

False

Question 24

Characteristics of BFI

Answer 24

• lack of sharp edges
• injury varies depending on the force, surface area, and velocity of impact
• causes bruises, abrasions, fractures, and internal organ damage

Question 25

Examples of BFI

Answer 25

• contusions
• hematomas
• lacerations

Question 26

BFI: Mechanisms

Answer 26

• assault and physical altercations
• fall
• sport-related activities
• motor vehicle accidents

Question 27

Forensic Considerations in BFI

Answer 27

• analysis of BFI

Question 28

What can be infer from shape, size, and distribution of injuries?

Answer 28

• force, direction, and nature of impact
  -object identification

Question 29

Complications from injuries

Answer 29

• excessive bleeding
• organ damage
• risk of bacterial infection due to exposure to external envi.

Question 30

List down
- internal organ damage due to BFI
- longer-term consequences

Answer 30

• injuries to brain, spleen, liver
• chronic pain, disability, psychological trauma