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Mod 9-11 > Module 11 > Flashcards

Module 11 Flashcards

1
Q

The awareness of changes in the internal and external environment

A

Sensation

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2
Q

The conscious interpretation of those stimuli

A

Perception

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3
Q

What does survival depend on?

A

Sensation and Perception

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4
Q

Stimulus must be applied in a _____ field and the stimulus energy is converted into a graded potential called a _____ potential

A

receptive

receptor

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5
Q

In these kinds of receptors, the receptor and the generator potential are the same thing. The stimulus happens, the receptor/generator in afferent neuron and then the action potenital hits the first node of ravier

A

general sense receptor

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6
Q

In this type of receptor level, the stimulus happens, receptors potential in the cell, release of neurotransmitter, generator potential, action potential if the threshhold is reached

A

Special sense orders

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7
Q

These receptors signal the beginning or end of a stimulus

A

Phasic or fast adapting receptors

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8
Q

This sensory receptor adapts slowly or not at all

A

Tonic Receptor

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9
Q

This order of neurons conducts impulses from the receptor level to the second order neurons in the CNS

A

First-Order Neurons

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10
Q

This order of neurons transmits impulses to the thalamus or the cerebellum

A

Second-order Neuron

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11
Q

This order of neurons conducts impulses from the thalamus to the stomatosensory cortex

A

Third-order neurons

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12
Q

This sitmulus responds to touch pressure, viberation, strech or itch

A

Mechanoreceptors

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13
Q

These receptors are Sensitive to change in temperture

A

Thermoreceptors

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14
Q

This receptor responds to light energy (retina)

A

Photoreceptors

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15
Q

This stimulus repsonds to chemical stimulus (smell, blood chemistry)

A

Chemoreceptors

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16
Q

These stimulus receptors are senstive to pain-causing stimuli, like extreme hot or cold

A

Nociceptors

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17
Q

This part of the eye overlies the supraorbital margins and provides shading of eye and prevents sweat from reaching eye

A

Eyebrows

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18
Q

These protect the eye interiorly

A

Eyelid

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19
Q

This is the transparent membrane of the eye and produces secretions

A

Conjuctiva

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20
Q

This conjunctiva covers the white of the eyes

A

Bulbar Conjunctiva

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21
Q

These are how tears are secreted, also are connected to the nasal cavity

A

Lacriminal Apparatus

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22
Q

How many extrinsic muscles help move the eye?

A

six

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23
Q

There are four rectus muscles that move the eye in what directions?

A

inferior superior lateral medial

24
Q

These two oblique muscles move the eye which way?

A

Inferior and superior

25
Q

What three layers does the wall of the eyeball contain?

A

Fibrous
Vascular
Sensory

26
Q

What is the internal cavity of the eye contain?

A

Humors

27
Q

This is the outermost layer of the eye that has two regions, the cornea and the cilliary body

A

Fibrous Layer

28
Q

This is contained in the fibrous layer and protects and shapes the eyeball

A

Sclera

29
Q

This is contained in the fibrous layer and bends the light as it enters the eye. It has numerous pain receptors that contribute to blinking and tearing

A

Cornea

30
Q

This is the middle layer of the eye and is known for giving the eyeball pigment

A

Vascular Layer or Uvea

31
Q

This region of the Uvea supplies blood to all the layers of the eyeball

A

Choroid region

32
Q

This is the ring of the Uvea layer of the eye that surrounds the lens and contains things that control lens shape as well as holding the lens in position

A

Ciliary Body

33
Q

This part of the Uvea is responsible for the color of the eye and has an opening that reguates light coming in called _____

A

Iris

Pupil

34
Q

For close vision and bright light _____ contracts and ____ constricts

A

Schincter papillae contacts and pupils constrict

35
Q

For Distant vision and dim light ____ contracts _____ dialate

A

Dialator papillaw contracts and pupils dialate

36
Q

What are the two delicate layers of the retina?

A

Pigmented layer and Neural layer

37
Q

This is also known as our blind spot

A

Optic disc

38
Q

What are the two photoreceptors?

A

Rods and Cones

39
Q

These are a photoreceptor and operate in dim light and provide indistinctive, noncolor vision

A

Rods

40
Q

These are photorecptors that are found in the macula lute and operate in bright light and allow us to have a very color vision

A

Cones

41
Q

The posterior part of the eye contains _____ fluid

A

vitreous humor

42
Q

The Anterior part of the eye is conposed of two layers but contains _____ fluid filtered by ciliary processes

A

Aqueous humor

43
Q

This is the compression of the retina and optic nerve is drainage of aqueous humor is blocked

A

Glaucoma

44
Q

This allows precise focusing of the retina, becomes less convex and more dense with age

A

Lens

45
Q

This is the bending of light rays due to change in speed when light passes from one medium to another

A

Refraction

46
Q

Light is refracted at the _____ when entering and leaving the lens

A

Cornea

47
Q

This is the changing of a lens shape by colliery muscles to increase refractory power

A

Accomodation

48
Q

This is the loss of vision over age 50

A

Presbyopia

49
Q

This prevents pupillary reflex that constricts to prevent the most divergent light rays from entering the eye

A

Constriction

50
Q

This is the medial rotation of the eyeballs toward the object being viewed

A

Convergence

51
Q

This is caused by unequal curvatures in different parts of the cornea or lens

A

Astigmatism

52
Q

This happens when moving from dark to light, large amounts of pigments are broken down, pupil constrict and cones rapidly adapt

A

light adaptation

53
Q

This occurs when moving from bright light into darkness, cones stop functioning, pupils dialate, Rhodopsin accumulates in the dark and retinal sensitivity within 20 mins

A

Dark adaptation

54
Q

This is a focal point is infront of the retina, the eye is too long

A

Myopia or nearsightedness

55
Q

This is when a focal point is behind the retina, the eye is too short

A

Hyperopia or farsightedness

Mod 9-11 (4 decks)

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