Mod 10 Flashcards
What are the three main divisions of the brain?
Cerebrum
Brain Stem
Cerebellum
In the grey brain matter, what are the two sections?
Cortex (outer)
Deep grey matter/nuclei (inner)
What does the Longitudinal fissure separate?
The R & L cerebral hemispshere
What does the transverse fissure separate?
The Occipital lob and the cerebellum
What are the five lobes of the brain?
Frontal Parietal Temporal Occipital Insula
What does the term gyrus mean?
a ridge
What does the term sulcus mean?
a groove
What are the four motor areas? What lobe are they found in?
Precentral gyrus Premotor cortex Frontal eye field Brocas Area Frontal Lobe
What is the limbic system known for?
the emotional brain, also store memory
What are the four areas of your limbic system?
Fornix
Hippocampus
Amygdala
Cingulate
What is the Cingulate gryrus?
Shifts your thoughts
Gestures and emotions
What is the fornix known for?
White matter tract
WHat is the hippocampus known for storing
memory
What is the amygdala known for?
Assesses danger and fear response
What coordinates movement directed by other brain movements and maintains your balance and posture?
Cerebellum
What is the arbor Vitae?
The tree like pattern on the cerebellum
What are the three structures of the Diencephalon?
Thalamus
Hypothalamus
Epithalamus
This is a part of the Diencephalon that is sensory relay station to cerebral cortex and sorts and edits information
Thalamus
The emotional response and autonomic control center?
Hypothalamus
This is the pineal gland that produces melatonin which helps with the sleep and wake cycle
Epithalamus
What are the three parts of the brainstem
Midbrain
Pons
Medulla Oblongata
This contains two different colliculli
Midbrain
The Superior colliculi in the midbrain is known for
visual reflex
The inferior colliculi in the midbrain is known for
auditory reflex
What is the place called where the white matter tracts cross between the L & R side
Pyramidal decussation
What does the RAS stand for?
Reticular Activating System
Whats the difference between the ventral and dorsal
front
back
What is the lower end of the spinal cord called?
Conus Medullaris
What is the part of the spinal cord that goes lower than the end of the spinal cord?
Cauda Equina
What connects grey matter of different hemispheres?
commisures
Which commissure of the brain is the largest?
Corpus Callosum
These fibers connect gray matter of different parts of the same hemisphere
Association Fibers
These fibers connect the cortex with the internal capsule
Projection Fibers
This is the system known for emotions and memories
The Limbic System
these are membranes that protect the brain and the spinal cord
Meninges
This meninges clings to the spinal cord and its the inner most layer
pia mater
What is conisdered the meminge that is the middle layer?
Archnoid mater
Which meminge is the outer most layer?
Dura Mater
What is the subarachnoid space?
Between the arachnoid and pia mater
What is the subdural space?
potentional space between the dura and the arachnoid
this space is on the outside and is known for way to inject anesthetics
epidural space
The two C shaped ventricles are located in the
cerebral hemisphere
The third ventricle is located in the
dicephalon
The fourth ventricle is located dorsal to the
pons
In the cerebral cortex, ____ areas are known for voluntary movements
Motor
In the cerebral cortex, _____ areas are known for areas of concious awareness
Sensory
____ areas are known for areas of interrogation
association
How are the ventricles of the brain connected?
They are connected and and to the central canal of the spinal cord
What do the ventricles of the brain contain?
Cerebrospinal fluid
What are the two C shaped ventricles found in the cerebral hemisphere called?
Lateral ventricles
Where is the third ventricle found?
Diencephalon
Where is the fourth ventricle found?
dorsal to the pons
What are the ventricles of the brain lined by?
Ependymal cells
In the cerebral hemisphere, what does the central sulcus separate?
Frontal and Parietal lobe
This is the site of concious awareness sensory perception and communication and memory storage
Cerebral Cortex
This part of the cerebral cortex allows concious control of precise skilled voluntary movements
Primar Motor Cortex
This part of the cerebral cortex controls learned, repetitous or patterned motor skills
Pre-motor cortex
This part of the cerebral cortex is a motor speech area that directs the muscles of the tounge
Brocas area
This part of the cerebral cortex controls voluntary eye movement
Frontal eye field
This Cortex recieves information from the skin, muscles and joints and is capable of the region of the body being stimulated
Primary Somastosensory cortex
What does lateralization of the cortical function mean?
Division of labor between different hemispheres
Which hemisphere controls language, math, and logic
left
Which hemisphere controls insight, intuition and artistic skills?
right
This is responsible for communication
Cerebral white matter
Basal nuclei is a subcorital nuclei and contains _____ _______
Corpus Striation
Where is the Limbic system found?
Medial aspects of the cerebral coretex and the diacephalon
The reticular system is found where
Diacephalon
Cerebellum
spinal cord
What is the job of the reticular system?
Sends impulses to the cerebral cortex to keep it alert
This type of memory is the temporary holding of information, limited to seven or eight pieces of information
STM
This memory has limitless capacity
LTM
What is subconcious information stored in the LTM
Automatic memory
This is also known as factual knowledge, where explict information is kept and our language ability
Declarative memory
This type of memory is less conscious or unconscious and aquired through experience and repetition
Non-declarative memory
This helps maintain a stable enviorment for the brain and sperates the neurons from some bloodborne substances
Blood-brain barrier
