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ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY > MODULE 1: THE HUMAN ANATOMY > Flashcards

MODULE 1: THE HUMAN ANATOMY Flashcards

1
Q

Studies the structure of body parts and their relationships to one another.

A

ANATOMY

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2
Q

What are the 6 types of Anatomy?

A
  1. GROSS ANATOMY
  2. REGIONAL ANATOMY
  3. SYSTEMIC ANATOMY
  4. SURFACE ANATOMY
  5. MICROSCOPIC ANATOMY
  6. DEVELOPMENTAL ANATOMY
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3
Q

Study of large body structures visible to the naked eye, such as heart, lungs, kidneys.

A

GROSS ANATOMY

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4
Q

All structures in particular region of the body (abdomen or leg region)

A

REGIONAL ANATOMY

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5
Q

Body structures are examined system by system (cardiovascular, neuro, nephron etc)

A

SYSTEMIC ANATOMY

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6
Q

Study of internal structures as they relate to the overlying skin surface.

A

SURFACE ANATOMY

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7
Q

Deals with structures to small to be seen by the naked eye(cytology, histology)

A

MICROSCOPIC ANATOMY

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8
Q

Traces structural changes that occur throughout the life span.

A

DEVELOPMENTAL ANATOMY

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9
Q

Studies the function of the body, how the body parts work and carry out their life-sustaining activities.

A

PHYSIOLOGY

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10
Q

What are the 3 types of Physiology?

A
  1. RENAL PHYSIOLOGY
  2. NEUROPHYSIOLOGY
  3. CARDIOVASCULAR PHYSIOLOGY
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11
Q

What are the 11 body’s organ systems?

A
  1. INTEGUMENTARY SYSTEM
  2. SKELETAL SYSTEM
  3. MUSCULAR SYSTEM
  4. NERVOUS SYSTEM
  5. ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
  6. CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM
  7. LYMPHATIC SYSTEM / IMMUNITY
  8. RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
  9. DIGESTIVE SYSTEM
  10. URINARY SYSTEM
  11. REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM
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12
Q

Forms the external body covering, and protects deeper tissues from injury. Synthesizes vitamin D, and houses cutaneous (pain, pressure, etc.) receptors, and sweat and oil glands.

A

INTEGUMENTARY SYSTEM

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13
Q

Protects and supports body organs, and provides a framework the muscles use to cause movement. Blood cells are formed within bones. Bones store minerals.

A

SKELETAL SYSTEM

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14
Q

Allows manipulation of the environment, locomotion, and facial expression. Maintains posture, and produces heat.

A

MUSCULAR SYSTEM

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15
Q

As the fast-acting control system of the body, it responds to internal and external changes by activating appropriate muscles and glands.

A

NERVOUS SYSTEM

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16
Q

Glands secrete hormones that regulate processes such as growth, reproduction, and nutrient use (metabolism) by body muscles and cells.

A

ENDOCRINE SYSTEM

17
Q

Blood vessels transport blood, which carries oxygen, carbon dioxide, nutrients, wastes , etc. The heart pumps blood.

A

CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM

18
Q

Picks up fluid leaked from blood vessels and returns it to blood. Disposes of debris in the lymphatic stream. Houses white blood cells (lymphocytes) involved in immunity. The immune response mounts the attack against foreign substances within the body.

A

LYMPHATIC SYSTEM / IMMUNITY

19
Q

Keeps blood constantly supplied with oxygen and removes carbon dioxide. These exchanges occur through the walls of the air sacs of the lungs.

A

RESPIRATORY SYSTEM

20
Q

Breaks down food into absorbable units that enter the blood for distribution to body cells. Indigestible foodstuffs are eliminated as feces.

A

DIGESTIVE SYSTEM

21
Q

Eliminates nitrogenous wastes from the body. Regulates, water, electrolyte and acid-base balance of the blood.

A

URINARY SYSTEM

22
Q

Overall function is production of offspring. Testes produce sperm and male sex hormone. Ovaries produce eggs and female sex hormones.

A

REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM
(MALE & FEMALE)

23
Q

The set of metabolic pathways that breaks down molecules into smaller units that are either oxidized to release energy or used in other anabolic reactions.

A

CATABOLISM

24
Q

The set of metabolic pathways that construct molecules from smaller units, these reactions require energy, known also as an endergonic process.

A

ANABOLISM

25
Q

Ability of the body to maintain relatively stable internal conditions even though the outside world changes continuously.

A

HOMEOSTASIS

26
Q

An inability of the body to restore a functional, stable internal environment

A

HOMEOSTATIC IMBALANCE

27
Q

Causes of Homeostatic Imbalance

A
  1. Aging
  2. Diseases (any failure of normal physiological function that leads to negative symptoms)
28
Q

Body position in which the person lies flat with the chest down and the back up.

A

PRONE

29
Q

Lying horizontally with the face and torso facing up, as opposed to the prone position, which is face down.

A

SUPINE

30
Q

Anatomical term of wrist

A

CARPAL

31
Q

Anatomical term of neck

A

CERVICAL

32
Q

Anatomical term of cheeck

A

BUCCAL

33
Q

Anatomical term of arm

A

BRACHIAL

34
Q

Layman’s term of thigh

A

FEMORAL

35
Q

Study of the chemical composition and reactions of living matter

A

BIOCHEMISTRY

ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY (2 decks)

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