Module 1: Sensitivity to the Beautiful as Filipino Moral Sensibility

Question 1

Ethical Concept of Ganda

Answer 1

1. Mabuti: Purity of Intention
2. Maayos: Appropriateness of action.
3. Totoo: Sincerity and consistency of intention and action

Question 2

Beauty in Goodness.
The desire of what is good.
It alone is not sufficient to be considered maganda.

Answer 2

Mabuti: Purity of intention

Question 3

Beauty in Orderliness. PCP II (1991) declares that in the core of humanity is the inclination for order. Gusto natin ang maayos at ayaw naman natin ang magulo.

But there are instances in our lives where we find ourselves contradictory like St Paul, we do not do what we want and do what we hate (Romans 7:15)

Answer 3

Maayos: Appropriateness of Action

Question 4

Beauty in truth/guilelessness.
Reveals the actual state of something; it is real, genuine and natural and lacks deceit, pretense or disguise.

Answer 4

Totoo: Sincerity and consistency of intention and action

Question 5

Kagandahang loób is a winsome goodness

Answer 5

Ang kabutihang nakakabighani o nakakaakit

Question 6

Characteristics of Kagandahang Loob:

Answer 6

1. Eminently relational concept
2. Arises from the personal initiative
3. Directed towards the well-being or welfare of the other.
4. Not self-seeking and does not look for a ‘return of the favor’
5. Tends to an ‘excessive’ manifestation of goodness and generosity.
6. Discerned and proven through experience over a period of time.

Question 7

A characteristic of kagandahang loob that states that kagandahang loob activates in our relationship with others.

Answer 7

Kagandahang loob is an eminently relational concept.

Question 8

A characteristic of kagandahang loob that states that kagandahang loob streams from within (bukal sa loob) and not forced (pilit). Hence, it is a voluntary act (kusa) and not manipulated (minanipula).

Answer 8

Arises from the personal initiative

Question 9

A characteristic of kagandahang loob that states that kagandahang loob is others-centered and works for common good (para sa kapakanan o ikakalago ng kapwa)

Answer 9

Directed towards the well-being or welfare of the other.

Question 10

A characteristic of kagandahang loob that states that it is selfless (mapagbigay) and free from greed (kasakiman).It is focused on what welfare it can offer for others and not from what it can gain from them.

Answer 10

Not self-seeking and does not look for a “return of the favor”

Question 11

A characteristic of kagandahang loob that states that it does not stop working for the welfare of others. Whether being recognized or not it continue to pursue common good because it is genuine (dalisay).

Answer 11

Tends to an ‘excessive’ manifestation of goodness and generosity

Question 12

A characteristic of kagandahang loob that states that it is a gradual process of self-purification which is tested and strengthened by time.

Answer 12

Discerned and proven through experiences over a period of time

Question 13

According to Alejo (1990) “ang _____________ ay katapatan sa katotohanan na tumatalab at umaabot ang tindi sa iba.”

It is a faithful acting which involves the totality of a person.

Answer 13

Pagsasaloob

Question 14

Implies that there is maganda (gracious goodness) in everyone (Gen. 1:27). We just need to look within; have a thorough knowledge (kaalaman) and understanding (pang-unawa) of the loób (self).

Answer 14

Pagsasaloob sa kagandahang loob

Question 15

A term that literally translates to ‘inside/interior’ which is use to describe the physical objects like a pot, base or house.

But in the Filipino concept, it also refers to a person’s holistic and relational will.

Answer 15

Loob

Question 16

Structure of loob according to Alejo

Answer 16

1. Abot-malay (ambit of consciousness) (Lawak)
2. Abot-dama (ambit of feelings) (Lalim)
3. Abot-kaya (ambit of strength) (Laman)

Question 17

It is the extent of person’s consciousness (kamalayan) which pertains to perception, memory, imagination and foresight.

the structure of the loób where meaning-making is found and continously evolving through active interaction vis a vis the self (malay-sarili), others (malay-kapwa), cosmos (malay-daigdig), and God (malay-Maykapal).

empowers a person to be observant and responsive to the needs of his/her surroundings.

Answer 17

Abot-malay (ambit of consciousness) (Lawak)

Question 18

It refers to the realm of feelings that intensify and impact abot-kamalayan (consciousness).

It is not a mere feeling, it is a conscious feeling. It realized in pagsasaloób (internalization), pakikiramay at malasakit (solidarity), pagkasangkot sa bagay (cosmic care), at pangingilabot sa Diyos o May loób sa Diyos (religious experience).

Answer 18

Abot-dama (ambit of feelings) (Lalim)

Question 18

This comprises pagbubuo ng loob and pangangatawan.

Pagbubuo ng loób involves the process of deliberate assessment concerning the unity of abot-malay (consciousness) and abot-dama (feelings). The balance and harmony between the two is the point of departure in performing an act.

Answer 18

Abot-kaya (ambit of strength) (Laman)

Question 19

Literally translated as embodiment because it is the tangible representation or expression of something invisible.

When attached to the kagandahang loób ng Dios (God’s gracious goodness), “__________ is discipleship” (de Mesa and Cacho, 2012).

Answer 19

Pangangatawan

Question 20

In pangangatawan (disipleship), we submit ourselves to the God (1 Corinthians 3:16) and allow our katawan (body) become channel of the kagandahang loób ng Dios (God’s gracious goodness), which lets us become _________ of God through Christ.

Answer 20

Kinatawan (Disciples)

Question 21

Views herself as the heart of Jesus.

She was a cloistered nun, like the heart hidden within the body, but her prayers give life to the Church similar to the heart that helps circulates the blood within the body.

Answer 21

St. Therese of Liseux

Question 22

Pangangatawan (discipleship), as mentioned by Alejo, encompasses time.

It is a gradual and dramatic process of aligning our own will to the will of God through self-purification.

Answer 22

Pangangatawan sa panahon

Question 23

The Filipino concept that we can relate to Pangangatawan sa panahon

Answer 23

Pagbabalik loob

Question 24

The life of this saint that testifies to the concept of Pangangatawan sa panahon and pagbabalik-loob.

Answer 24

St. Augustine

Question 25

The paradox that states that the more we know and love God, the more we know ourselves. And the more we love God, the more our faith mature.

Answer 25

The paradox of revelation (CFC)

Question 26

It speaks about persistent struggle (pakikibaka) to destroy the inner forces (i.e. ignorance, fear, violence, vices) and external forces (i.e. social issues and concerns) that prevent us from attaining kaginhawaan (freedom).

Answer 26

Abot-kaya sa pakikibaka at Pag-asa

Question 27

the Filipino understanding of this concept is not fatalism. But a determination and taking risk after doing everything.

Hence, it is an attitude that accepts suffering and problem, leaving everything to God. After giving our best effort, we can only hope for the best because there is a God who completes everything.

Answer 27

“Bahala na”