Module 1: Seed Structure and Development Flashcards
asymmetrical division of the zygote produces the larger ___ and smaller ___ cells.
basal and terminal
transfers nutrients from parent plant; develops from basal cell
suspensor
spherical-shaped embryo; develops from terminal cell
proembryo
formed from integuments of the ovule
seed coat
rudimentary leaf
cotyledon
class of monocots
Liliopsida
class of dicots
Magnoliopsida
projects above cotyledons
epicotyl
between cotyledon attatchment point and radicle
hypocotyl
in ____, hypocotyl extends above the ground and grows into stem
dicots
in ____, hypocotyl stays below ground
monocots
composed of epicotyl, youyng leaves, and SAP
plumule
region from which the root will develop
radicle
single cotyledon in monocots; absorbs products of degraded endosperm
scutellum
single layer of cells inside seed coat that surrounds embryo and endosperm
aleurone
(fruit) single/fused carpels of a single ovary
simple fruits
(fruit) numerous carpels all in one flower; mature carpels/ovaries fuse to form one fruit
aggregate fruits
(fruit) develops from an inflorescence; matured ovaries of many flowers more or less united
multiple fruits
(fruit) derived from different part of the flower such as receptacle or hypanthium
accessory fruits
inability of intact viable seeds to complete germination under favorable environmental conditions
seed dormancy
why do seeds become dormant?
- presence of hard seed coat
- contains immature embryo
- due to growth inhibitory chemicals
- has a chilling requirement
sum of evbents that begin with hydration of the seed and culminate in emergence of the radicle
seed germination
cotyledons emerge from soil together with plumule as hypocotyl elongates
epigeal germination
cotyledons remain in soil while epicotyl elongates to push plumule out of soil
hypogeal germination
(corn embryo) covers radicle
coleorhiza
(corn embryo) covers shoot; elongation ceases upon exposure to light
coleoptile
