MODULE 1 Philippine Literature: Spanish Colonization Flashcards
According to historical records, the Spanish colonization started in ___________________, when a _______________ expeditioner named __________________, sent by the _____________ to explore the world, landed on the Philippine islands.
- 16 March 1521
- Portuguese
- Ferdinand Magellan
- king of Spain
From then on, the King of Spain continued to send _________ to the Philippines until ___________________________ was able to finally establish a Spanish settlement in ______ in _______.
- forays
- Miguel Lopez de Legazpi
- Cebu
- 1565
In the first years of colonization, prevalent literature in the Philippines could be categorized into two:
religious prose and poetry and secular prose and poetry
Literature played a big role in the spread of __________________ in the country.
Christianity
________________________ used to lecture about the Catholic faith were given, first to __________________, who read the native translation aloud to the Filipinos.
- Prayer leaflets and booklets
- Spanish missionaries
Later on, they were forced to allow Filipinos to learn the language to help them translate the message of the ___________.
doctrine
Thus, some Filipinos became fluent in both __________________________ and were called as ________________ who wrote literary pieces mainly focused on _________.
- Spanish and Tagalog
- ladino poets
- religion
These pieces of literature were used to teach Filipinos ________________________.
catechism, morality, and conduct
An example of this is the _____________, which is still widely used by devout Filipino Catholics every Lenten season.
- Pasyon
________ was also written to teach proper decorum.
Prose
Examples of prose
Modesto de Castro’s Pagsusulatan ng Dalawang Binibini na si Urbana at si Feliza
_________________ also emerged because of the changes and growth in western ideologies and societies.
Secular works
Some secular works focused on topics that explored ______________________.
love and romance
An example is the popularity of _________________, a type of narrative poetry that centers on the courtly love between a knight, a king, or a hero and a damsel in distress, termed as ________________ in Filipino.
- metrical romance
- awit and korido
________ is composed of dodecasyllabic quatrains (four lines in each stanza having ____ syllables).
- Awit
- 12
The ________ is in octosyllabic quatrains (four lines in each stanza having __ syllables).
- korido
- 8
Korido was epitomized by the popularity of Francisco Balagtas’s __________________.
Florante at Laura
Literature started to play a more vital and radical role for the Philippines during the 19th century when the __________, or the elite Filipinos who studied in Europe, wrote literary pieces in both prose and poetry that bravely expressed their ___________ to the state of the Philippines under the Spanish regime.
- ilustrados
- resentment
They started the propaganda movement that aimed to seek reforms and inform Spain of the abuses of its colonial government.
ilustrados
Historians often credited three propagandists as the pioneers or proponents of the movement, often referring to them as the ___________ of Filipino propagandists: __________________________________________
- triumvirate
- Jose Rizal, Graciano Lopez-Jaena, and Marcelo H. del Pilar.
The reformists voiced their thoughts and opinions through _________________, the official newspaper of the propaganda movement.
La Solidaridad
La Solidaridad was created and published in _______ and was originally written in ___________, mainly to cater to its target audience: __________________________.
- Spain
- Spanish
- the Spanish government
La Solidaridad included several people, and they all used ________________ to protect their identities.
pseudonyms
It is the pseudonym of Dr. José Rizal.
Laong Laan at Dimasalang
It is the pseudonym of Marcelo H. del Pilar.
Plaridel
It is the pseudonym of Graciano Lopez Jaena.
Fray Botod/Diego Laura
It is the pseudonym of Antonio Luna.
Taga-Ilog
It is the pseudonym of Mariano Ponce.
Tikbalang, Kalipulako, Naning
It is the pseudonym of Jose Maria Panganiban.
Jomapa
The movement showcased how Filipinos weaponized literature to stand up against the oppression of a tyrannical government.
propaganda movement
It is the notable work of Graciano Lopez-Jaena.
Fray Botod
It is the notable work of Marcelo H. del Pilar.
Dasalan at Tocsohan
It is the notable work of Apolinario Mabini.
El Verdadero Decalogo
It is the notable work of Andres Bonifacio.
Katapusang Hibik ng Filipinas
It is the first book printed in the Philippines.
Doctrina Christiana
It is the year Doctrina Christiana was published.
1593
They are both referred to as narrative poetry.
non secular and secular
It is a religious literature that revolved around the life and death of Jesus Christ.
non secular
It is a non religious literature that revolved around tales of valiance and adventure.
secular
They are the 3 forms of non secular literature.
- Pasyon
- Senakulo
- Prose
It is a form of non secular literature that is a Philippine epic of the Passion, death, and Resurrection of Jesus Christ.
Pasyon
It is a form of non secular literature that is a play or re-enactment depicting the life and passion of Jesus Christ.
Senakulo
Senakulo derived from the Spanish word, ___________ meaning __________________________________.
- “cenaculo”
- “the place where Jesus Christ celebrated the Last Supper with his disciples”
It is a form of non secular literature that is to teach proper decorum.
Prose
They are the two forms of secular literature.
awit and korido
It is a form of secular literature in which subjects are tales of chivalry where a knight saves a princess.
awit
It is an awit, an 1838 narrative poem written by Francisco Balagtas.
Florante at Laura
Korido has metrical romances in octosyllabic verse called ________.
hakira
It is a well-known example of korido.
“Ibong Adarna” by Odulia de Guzman
In the propaganda revolutionary period, highly educated people or intellectual who were regarded as possessing culture and influential influence were called _________________.
intelligentsia
In propaganda literature, _____________ is the main objective.
reformation
It is another well known propaganda literature besides from Jose Rizal’s works.
Diariong Tagalog
