Module 1-Module 3

Question 1

What is the Purpose of a Family Assessment?

Answer 1

To determine the level of family functioning, clarify family interaction patterns, identify their strengths and weaknesses and to describe the health status of the family

Question 2

What does the Family Assessment Facilitate?

Answer 2

Empowermnent, self-efficacy and hope. It focuses on what the family is doing well and assists them to deal with problems

Question 3

What are the 8 core values of the Family Assessment?

Answer 3

1) Communication; does the family commuicate well?
2) Togetherness; does the family enjoy being together
3) Shared activities; does the family conduct activities together
4) Affection; does the family show signs of affection (hugging, kissing, touch, kind words)
5) Support; does the family provide support to eachother
6) Acceptance; do they recognise and accept their situation
7) Commitment; are they motivated and commited to tasks
8) Resilience; do they have the ability to cope with adversity and crisis

Question 4

What are the 3 domains of the Australian Institute of Family Studies (AIFS)?

Answer 4

1) Family relationships; concerned with how the family structure changes throughout life and how this has an effect on family relationships with each other (e.g. having a partner and children, coping with death and illness, separation.

2) Social and economic participation; this is necessary for positive functioning and resilient families. An adequate income and ongoing financial security is necessary crucial to a families well-being.
- However: dual-employment and single parenting can pose an issue for child learning and development as less time is being spent during interaction

3) Child and family well-being; responding to issues in these areas is necessary and can be overcome through early intervention and prevention. Signs of disengagement within the family are precursors to more serious issues such as substance abuse and mental health issues

Question 5

What is family planning?

Answer 5

Family planning allows parents to attain the number of children they desire at an appropriate time, through the means of contraception and treatment of infertility.

Question 6

Outline methods of Conraception

Answer 6

1) Hormonal methods; the pill or depo-provera injections
2) Long-acting reversible; implant or intra-uterine device
3) Barrier methods; male or female condoms (prevent sti’s and HIV/Aids)
4) Emergency contraception; the morning after pill
5) Permanent; vasectomy, tube-tieing
6) Fertility awareness; learning the signs of fertility in your menstrual cycle to help plan or avoid pregnancy

Question 7

How is family planning beneficial?

Answer 7

• Helps to prevent adolescent pregnancies; associated with pre-term and low birth-weight babies. Adolescent will stay in school for longer, reducing long-term implications resulting from lack of education.
• Reduces unintended pregnancies in women with HIV/AIDS; resulting in fewer infected babies
• Promotes female autonomy and their rights
• Reduces the need for abortion in accidental pregnancies
• Slows population growth; reduces negative impacts on the economy and the environment

Question 8

What are the functional aspects of a family?

Answer 8

• How they undertake ADL’s
• Do they interact with each other and display emotional, verbal and non-verbal communication
• Are they able to problem-solve?
• What are the roles and duties of each family member?
• Who has the most influence and power?
• What are their beliefs and values

Question 9

What is the aim of health promotion?

Answer 9

To build social and physical environments that support healthy behaviours. E.g. immunisations and vaccinations

Question 10

What is antenatal care?

Answer 10

Is the ongoing screening and assessment of a mother and the fetus during pregnancy to monitor and determine any complications that may affect the developing fetus or prevent the progression of pregnancy

Question 11

Outline some key aspects of self-care that are necessary for the developing fetus

Answer 11

Education surrounding positive self-care behaviours to promote the development of a fetus should be provided to the family.

1) Avoid alcohol, tobacco and drugs; reduces risk of fetal alcohol spectrum disorders, sids and developmental disabilities
2) Importance of folic acid supplementation; reduces neural tube defects
3) Consume a healthy diet; ensures fetus gets all nutrients it needs to grow and develop
4) Limit caffeine; less than 200mg/day to reduce the risk of miscarriage
5) Engage in appropriate physical activity; improves sleep and helps prepare body for birth
6) Vaccinations; prevent infections that affect pregnancy

Question 12

What foods should be eaten during pregnancy?

Answer 12

• Fruit and veg
• Wholegrain
• Low-fat dairy products

Question 13

What foods should be avoided during pregnancy?

Answer 13

• Raw fish (contains methyl-mercury which harms fetus)
• Under cooked meat
• Pasteurized cheese

Question 14

Define gestational hypertension

Answer 14

Diastolic BP greater than or equal to 90mmHg with no proteinuria. Is a risk factor for development of pre-eclampsia.

Question 15

Outline 3 key features of preeclampsia

Answer 15

1) Proteinuria
2) Hypertension
3) Oedema

Question 16

What are 3 critical elements for healthy child development?

Answer 16

1) Stable, responsive and nurturing care-giving
2) Safe and supportive environments
3) Appropriate nutrition
- These are safeguarded through best- practices such as a planned, safe pregnancy and childbirth, exclusive breast feeding for the first 6 months, preventative interventions e.g. vaccinations and protection from abuse and neglect

Question 17

Adverse early experiences result from?

Answer 17

Unstable caregiving, deprivation of love, interaction and nutrition, stresses associated with neglect and maltreatment
- these increase the likelihood for poor health and development