Module 1 Microbiology Flashcards
What is microbiology?
-study of microbes
-the study of living and non-living organisms
What are two major microbes categories?
acellular and cellular
what is an acellular microbe?
-microbe that does not contain cells
-has virus
what is cellular microbes?
-it contains cells
-has particles
-and bacteria
what are non-pathogens?
microbes that do not cause disease
what percent of pathogens are microbes?
3% which means most of it are harmless
What is indigenous Microbiota?
-they are resident microbes
which means when host is stressed, weakened or immunosuppressed. this is the time where the pathogens can develop and get the person sick
where in the body is the indigenous microbiota usually absent in?
-Fetus
-Blood and Lymph
-Spinal Fluid
-Most internal tissues and organs
What is a transient microbes?
are microbes that temporary make residence within humans
why are transient microbes temporary?
-because it can be washed from external area by bathing
-unable to compete with resident microbiota
-they fail to survive in acidic and alkaline environments
-they can be flushed away from bodily fluids such as sweat
what is dysbiosis?
is the imbalance between the host and microorganism due to the destruction of the resident microbiota
what is skin microbiota?
-microbiota that has rich microbiome
-its primarily bacteria and fungi
tell me about the Upper Respiratory Tract (URT) regarding its microbiota?
> warm and moist environment
Abundant and varied population
Pathogens
Healthy Carriers individuals who harbor virulent pathogens
tell me about the Lower Respiratory Tract (LRT) regarding its microbiota?
the lower respiratory tract is free of microbes because it is sterile
what is Oral Cavity Microbiota?
-are microbes that develop in numerous anaerobic and aerobic bacteria
-can be isolated from gum margins, crevices between teeth’s, crypts on tonsils
what can you tell me about the STOMACH regarding the Gastro Intestinal Tract (GIT) Microbiota?
in the stomach:
-Acidic pH + gastric enzymes = prevent the growth of indigenous microbiota and other transient microbes; except H. pylori.
-the excess amount of H. pylori can lead to ulcers
what can you tell me about the DUODENUM regarding the Gastro Intestinal Tract (GIT) Microbiota?
only few microbes become BILE
what can you tell me about the COLON regarding the Gastro Intestinal Tract (GIT) Microbiota?
-it contains the largest and variety of microorganism of any colonized area of the body
-it is mostly anaerobic
what effect does the bacteria e.coli do to your body?
if there’s a plethora of e.coli bacteria it can cause Urinary Tract Infection and diarrhea
what is gut microbiota?
are microorganisms such as bacteria, fungi, archaea, viruses that inhabit the gastrointestinal tract of humans and other animals
regarding gut microbiota, what parts in our body is sterile and what are not sterile? list them
STERILE:
-Kidney
-Ureters
-Urinary bladder
-reproduction system is sterile except for the vagina
NON-STERILE: (can harbor microbes)
-Distal Urethra
-Urethra Opening
What are benefits from Indigenous Microbiota?
-Vitamin Synthesis
-Biotherapeutic Agents
-Provision of constant source of irritants and antigens to stimulate the immune system
what are two categories of diseases?
Infectious Disease and Microbial Intoxication
give me the definition of an infectious disease.
it is when a pathogen colonizes the body and subsequently causes disease
