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Block 5 Neuroanatomy > Module 1 Meninges and CSF > Flashcards

Module 1 Meninges and CSF Flashcards

1
Q

Meinges are the three layers of membranes covering surrounding the
brain and the spinal cord.
It has 2 components:
1. ____ which is a mesodermal derivative and composed of _____ mater
2. _____which is a neural crest derivative
and composed of ____ mater and ___ mater.

A
  1. Pachymeninx, dura
  2. Leptomeninx, arachnoid
    pia mater
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2
Q

DURA MATER

Other Name: 1.\_\_\_\_\_\_\_
Definition: Cushion between the brain and rigid skull
Origin: 2. \_\_\_\_\_\_
Characteristics: 
-Outermost layer
-Tough, collagenous, dense CT membrane
Composed of 2 layers 
3. \_\_\_\_\_\_
4. \_\_\_\_\_\_\_
A
  1. Pachymeninx; “shower curtains”
  2. Mesodermal
  3. Periosteal Layer
  4. Meningeal Layer
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3
Q

The layers of dura are closely united except along ______ and when the inner meningeal layer forms septa

A

venous sinuses

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4
Q

At the sutures, Periosteal/ Endosteal Layer (Outer) becomes continuous with the ________.

Periosteal/ Endosteal Layer (Outer) does NOT become continuous with the dura mater of the spinal cord

A

sutural ligament

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5
Q

-Dura mater proper

A

Meningeal Layer (Inner)

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6
Q

Dense, strong fibrous membrane

Continuous with the dura mater of the spinal cord

A

Meningeal Layer (Inner)

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7
Q

Function of Meningeal Layer (Inner)

A

Provides tubular sheaths for the cranial nerves as they pass through the skull’s foramina

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8
Q

four septa of Meningeal Layer (Inner)

A
  1. Falx cerebri
  2. Tentorium cerebelli
  3. Falx cerebelli
  4. Diaphragm sellae
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9
Q

_____ is the LARGEST septum of meningeal layer that extends from Crista galli to Occipital Protuberance. It extends down and projects from the longitudinal fissure between the cerebral hemispheres. It is continuous posteriorly with the ______.

A

Falx Cerebri

Tentorium Cerebelli

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10
Q

A dural reflection from the petrous part of the temporal bone which covers the dorsal surface of the cerebellum and where the occipital lobes lie

A

-Tentorium Cerebelli

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11
Q

Falx cerebri attaches
ANTERIOR: _______
POSTERIOR: _______

A
  1. internal frontal crest and crista galli

2. the internal occipital protuberance (blends with the tentorium cerebelli in the midline)

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12
Q

Drains blood from the lateral aspects of anterior cerebral hemispheres confluence of sinuses

A

Superior sagittal sinus

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13
Q

Allows blood to drain outwards posteriorly from the center of the head

A

Inferior sagittal sinus

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14
Q

Tentorium Cerebelli contains a wide gap known as the ______

A

“tentorial notch/ incisura tentorii”

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15
Q

Tentorium Cerebelli attachments:

Upper Attachment: _______
Lower Attachment: _______
Superior: _______
Inferior: _______

A

Falx cerebri (Fuses with this midline)
Falx cerebelli is attached to its lower surface
Cerebrum
Cerebellum

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16
Q

Functions to separates occipital lobe (cerebrum) from cerebellum and to permits the passage of the midbrain anteriorly (free anterior border)

A

Tentorium Cerebelli

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17
Q

Small midsagittal septum below the tentorium cerebelli and partially separates the two cerebral hemispheres

A

Falx Cerebelli

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18
Q

Posterior margin of Falx Cerebelli contains the ______

A

occipital sinus

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19
Q
  • Roofs over the sella turcica

- Perforated by the infundibulum

A

Diaphragma Sellae

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20
Q

Blood Supply and Innervation of the brain:

  1. ____ – give rise to middle meningeal branches
  2. ____– MAJOR blood supply
  3. _____ – give rise to anterior meningeal branches
  4. ______ – give rise to posterior meningeal branches
  5. _______ – supplies the Supratentorial dura compartment
  6. ________ – supplies the Infratentorial dura compartment
A
  1. Maxillary Artery
  2. Middle Meningeal Artery
  3. Opthalmic Artery
  4. Occipital and Vertebral Arteries
  5. Trigeminal Nerve (CN V
  6. Upper Cervical Spinal and Vagus Nerves (CN X
21
Q

finger-like extensions in the arachnoid mater

A

Arachnoid villi

22
Q

space between arachnoid and pia filled with blood vessels and CSF

A

Sub-arachnoid space

23
Q

Composition of arachnoid mater

A

Leptomeningeal Cells

24
Q

-Intermediate layer of the meninges that lines the dura. Film-like; pass over the sulci BUT doesn’t follow its contours. Delicate, non-vascular membrane

A

ARACHNOID MATER

25
Q

-found at the base of the brain and around the brainstem where the pia and arachnoid are widely separated

A

Subarachnoid Cisternae

26
Q
  • Lies between cerebellum and medulla oblongata

- Receives CSF from 4th ventricle from median aperture

A

cerebellomedullary Cistern/ Cistern Magna

27
Q

cerebellomedullary Cistern/ Cistern Magna contains what vessels and nerves?

A

Vertebral artery,
CN 9-12,
Origin of Posterior Inferior Cerebellar Artery (PICA)

28
Q
  • Surrounds ventral aspect of pons

- Receives CSF via lateral apertures

A

Pontine Cistern

29
Q

Pontine Cistern contains what vessels and nerves?

A

Basilar artery,
CN 6,
Origin of Superior Cerebellar Artery (SCA)

30
Q

-At the base of the brain; between the twocerebral pedunclesofmidbrainanddorsum sellae

A

Interpeduncular Cistern

31
Q

Interpeduncular Cistern contains what vessels and nerves?

A

CN 3 (and so many other things we can’t even understand yet so CN 3 lang anay ah)

32
Q

-Continuous with the Pontine and Interpeduncular cisterns

A

Chiasmatic Cistern

33
Q

-Surrounds the superior, posterior, and lateral surfaces of the midbrain
It is situated dorsal to the midbrain

A

Superior Cistern/ Cisterna Ambiens

34
Q

Superior Cistern/ Cisterna Ambiens contains what vessels and nerves?

A

Great cerebral vein,
Vein of Galen,
PCA and SCA, CN IV

35
Q

-Extends from conus medullaris to S2; contains the filum terminale and nerve roots of cauda equine. It extends from the conus medullaris (L1-L2) to about the level of the second sacral vertebra.

A

Lumbar Cistern

36
Q

Lumbar Cistern contains what vessels and nerves?

A

the filum terminale and the nerve roots of the cauda equina.

37
Q

Innermost layer, closest to the brain

Adheres closely to the Ependymal cells (Si plankton!) of the ventricles

A

PIA MATER

38
Q

____ has the ff. characteristics:
Thin & translucent, delicate CT membrane
Glove-Like Adheres closely to the brain surface covering the gyri and descends into the sulci (Unlike Arachnoid)

A

PIA MATER

39
Q

Composition of PIA MATER

A

Leptomeningeal Cells
Collagen & Elastic fibers
Fibroblasts

40
Q

function of PIA MATER

A

Membrane of nutrition

41
Q
  • Strong vascular duplications into the brain formed by the pia mater
  • Spreads over the 3rd and 4th ventricular cavities
A

Tela Choroidea

42
Q

-Formed by the 2 layers of pia mater in the transverse cerebral fissure, below the splenium of the corpus callosum and above the pineal body; where the internal cerebral veins, branches of the PCA, and arteries of the choroid plexuses of the 3rd and lateral ventricles lie

A

Velum Interpositum

43
Q
  • Inner membranous layer of pia metter adherent to underlying nervous tissue
  • -Composition: fine reticular & elastic fibers
  • Avascular & gets nutrition by diffusion from CSF & underlying nervous tissue
A

Intima Pia

44
Q

Space in the pia mater formed between blood vessels & its adventitial sheath which permits CSF flow from SAS into brain parenchyma

A

perivascular space or Virchow-Robin space

45
Q
  • More superficial
  • Composition: collagenous fiber bundles continuous with arachnoid trabeculae
  • Absent over the convex surface of cerebral cortex
  • Where blood vessels of the spinal cord lie
A

Epipal Layer

46
Q

Lateral flattened bands of epipal tissue that attach spinal cord to the dura matter

A

-Denticulate ligaments

47
Q

The cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) occupies about ____of the total 1600-1700ml cerebral cavity enclosing the brain and spinal cord

A

150ml

48
Q

True or False

CSF has higher Na+, Cl-, & Mg 2+; lower K+, Ca2+, & glucose (Compared to plasma ultrafiltrate)

A

true

49
Q

CSF Pressure:

  • Pressure maintained at a CONSTANT level
  • Recumbent: ____
  • Sitting position: _____
A

10-15cmH2O

20-30cmH2O

Block 5 Neuroanatomy (2 decks)

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