Module 1 - Lesson 1 Flashcards
The heart is one of the last organs to develop in the fetus. T/F
false - it is one of the first - this is because it requires more circulation as it develops - it is growing fast - needs the nutrients - cannot just rely on simple diffusion
the formation of the heart begins at ___
3 weeks gestation - 21-22 days
5 weeks by lmp
3 weeks gestation is __ weeks lmp
5 weeks lmp
5 weeks lmp is ____ weeks gestation
3
what begins at 3 weeks gestation
?
heart development
describe the development of the heart from 20-22 days
20 - 2 cardiogenic tubes
21- tubes begin to fuse
22- tubes are fused
>22 - undergoes twisting and turning to create different chambers
after the 2 cardiogenic tubes are fused the hear undergoes___________this happens at __days
twisting and turning
>22 days
the heart develops near the ______ of the embryo
head of the embryo
draw the primitive heart tube
what are the parts of the primitive heart tube from superior to inferior?
- aortic arch 1
- truncus arteriosus
- bulbis cordis
- primitive ventricle
- primitive atrium
- sinus venosus
how many parts of the primitive heart are there?
6
where is the aortic arch 1 and what does it develop into?
top of primitive heart
- develops into the pulmonary arteries and aortic arteries
the pulmonary arteries and aortic arteries are developed from the ______
aortic arch 1
the truncus arteriosus develops into the
aortic root and pulmonary root
the aortic root and pulmonary root arise from the
truncus arteriosus
the bulbis cordis devlops into the
R and L venticle outflow tracts
R and L venticle outflow tracts arise from the
bulbis cordis
the primitive ventricle develops into the
R and L ventricles
the R and L ventricles arise from the
primitive ventricle
the primitive atrium develops into the
R and L atriums
the sinus venosus has…
2 horns - right and left
the right horn of the sinus venosus develops into the
right atrium with IVC and SVC
the left horn of the sinus venosus develops into the
SA node, Oblique vein, coronary sinus
SA node, Oblique vein, coronary sinus arise from the
left horn of the sinus venosus
right atrium with IVC and SVC arises from the
right horn of the sinus venosus
what does discordant growth mean?
some areas of the heart grow faster than others - causes bending and twisting - called heart looping - happens to the right
normal heart looping happens to the _____
right
dextro means
right
levo means
left
meso means
middle
-cardia means
describes where the apex of the heart is pointing
- referring to the heart
dextrocardia
apex of heart is pointing to the right side of chest
levocardia
the apex of the heart is pointing to the left side of the chest
mesocardia
apex pointing to middle
-position refers to
which side of chest the heart is on
dextropositioned
heart on the right chest
levopositioned
heart on the left chest
mesopositioned
heart in middle of chest
dextrolooping
fused heart tube twists to the right - normal
which type of heart looping is normal?
dextrolooping
levo-looping
fused heart tube twists to the left - abnormal
what is the normal positions of the heart?
levocardia
levopositioned
dextrolooping
dextrolooping results in
a levopositioned and levocardia heart
what is situs?
the sidedness of structures
what is atrial situs?
the placement of the morphological right and left atria.
Thoracic situs
the placement of the morphological right and left lung.
Abdominal situs
placement of the unpaired abdominal organs (stomach, liver, spleen).
Atriovisceral situs
Refers to the arrangement the morphological left and right atria in relation to the ‘unpaired’ organs in the abdomen.
what are the three types of atrial situs?
situs solitus
situs inversus
situs ambiguous of heterotaxy
what is situs solitus?
- normal development
- Morphological right atrium and liver are on the right side of the body. The morphological left atrium is on the left side of the body with the spleen and stomach.
what is situs inversus?
The ‘mirror image’ of situs solitus.
The morphological right atrium and liver are on the left side of the body. The morphological left atrium is on the right side of the body with the spleen and stomach.
- switched around - inverted
what is situs ambiguous?
- variable combinations of the placement of the visceral organs and atria
Mitral valve is connected to the
left ventricle
the mitral valve is on the
left
mitral - ends in L - means
left
the tricuspid valve is always connected to the
right ventricle
the left ventricle has which valve?
the mitral
the tricuspid valve is on the
right
tricuspid - tri = eye = i = ?
right - b/c it has an i
i = eye = tri
also ends in t
the aortic valve is connected to the
aorta
the aorta is connected to which valve?
aortic
the right ventricle has which valve?
tricuspid
the pulmonary valve is always connected to the ____
pulmonary artery
the pulmonary artery has wich valve
pulmonary valve
what are the 4 valves?
mitral
tricuspid
aortic
pulmonary
what is the order of valves from superior to inferior?
pulmonary
aortic
mitral
tricuspid
PAMT
- michele is superior to todd
what is the order of valves from anterior to posterior?
pulmonary valve
aortic
tricuspid
mitral
PATM
