Module 1 - Lesson 1 Flashcards
anterior
front of body
posterior
back of body
caudal
towards the feet
cephalic/cranial
towards the head
inferior
away from the head (lower Part)
superior
toward the head (upper part)
proximal
nearer to the origin of the structure / nearer to attachment of trunk
distal
further from the origin of the structure / further from attachment to trunk
medial
nearer to the midline
lateral
further from midline - to the side
what are the three body planes?
sagittal
transverse/axial
coronal/frontal
how does the sagittal plane divide the body?
into right and left - down the midline
how does the transverse plane divide the body?
cuts across body. horizontal aspect across body. axial
how does the frontal plane divide the body?
into front and back (anterior and posterior)
what are the different transducer movements? explain.
tilting - angling/fanning like a broom
rocking - aka heel/toe - like a rocking chair
sliding - physically move across body surface
rotate - turn clockwise or counterclockwise/ pivot
compress - push down more on body
explain the orientation of the screen in sagittal
top - anterior aspect - skin
bottom - posterior aspect
my left on screen - superior (head)
my right on screen - inferior (feet)
explain the orientation of the screen in transverse
top - anterior aspect - skin
bottom - posterior aspect
my left on screen - right side of body
my right on screen - left side of body
anechoic
no/lack of echos - black
hypoechoic
fewer echos - darker
hyperechoic
increased density of echos - brighter
isoechoic
same echogenicity as structure next to it - appear similar
echogenic
the ability to transmit echos - increased echos
heterogenous
mixture of echo’s in a structure
differing composition
homogenous
all echo’s are same level/shade
uniform/similar composition
complex
mixture of echogenicity’s
consists of both solid and cystic components
acoustic shadowing
area through which sound waves fail to propagate
a single void behind structures that strongly absorb or reflect u/s
- happens in solid structures - b/c molecules compact
acoustic enhancement
increased echos deep to structures that transmit sound well.
lack of attenuation
fluid filled structures
what are the regions of the abdomen?
R/L hypochondriac
Epigastric
R/L lumbar
umbilical
R/L inguinal/iliac
hypogastric
In what order would one adjust the machine controls?
depth, focus, gain, TGC
what is depth?
how much of the structure is seen - how deep our waves go into the patient - set 2cm below structure
what is focus?
the sharpest part of your image - aim to back of structure - clears up image
what is gain?
overall brightness of the image. use to amplify echos and see texture
what is TGC? `
used to amplify echos in sectors of the image
