Module 1-- Lecture 1

Question 1

How many genes are in the human genome?

Answer 1

20,000 total genes

Question 2

How much energy does our brain use at rest?

Answer 2

20% of total bodily energy

Question 3

What are the ionic concentrations of the blood?

Question 4

What leads to a high level of calcium in the ocean?
[NA+]: 480 mM
[K+]: 10 mM
[Ca^2+]: 10cmM

Answer 4

Limestone deposits in the ocean

Question 5

True or False: Too much calcium is toxic for our blood.

Answer 5

TRUE: cells have PO^4- –> we do NOT want calcium in our cells bc we want bones in our body, not in our cells

Question 6

What is the most important ion in the blood for signaling?

Answer 6

Calcium

Question 7

What are the three germ layers?

Answer 7

Ectoderm, Mesoderm, Endoderm

Question 8

What is the Ectoderm responsible for?

Answer 8

Forming exoskeleton (forms either skin, CNS/PNS)

Question 9

What is the mesoderm responsible for?

Answer 9

Develops into organs (muscle, connective tissue, vsscular ssytem)

Question 10

What is the Endoderm responsible for?

Answer 10

Forms inner lining of organs (gut tube, lungs, pancreas, liver)

Question 11

What are the advantages or disadvantages of using mice, chickens, and/or xenopus (frog) as animal models?

Question 12

What are the key events that underlie morphogenesis of he nervous system early in development?

Answer 12

Morphogenesis: classical studies–> things you can see with your eye or rudimentary microscopes

Question 13

Your friend has a siamese twin (two heads) tell me developmentally what may have happened?