Module 1: Introduction To Human Physiology Flashcards
What is homeostasis
Actions which are regulated and coordinated, carried out by body systems to maintain proper physical and chemical condition in fluid surrounding cells
What is the teleological approach
The Y of body processes
What is the mechanistic approach
The how of processes, primarily used by physiologists
What are the four types of tissue
Muscle (cardiac, smooth, skeletal), nervous, epithelial (sheets and secretory glands), and connective tissue including blood
What two different components make up extra cellular fluid
Plasma which surrounds blood cells, and interstitial fluid which surrounds other cells in the tissue
What two words describe homeostasis and why
It’s dynamic because the internal environment is always changing, but also steady because it always stays within certain parameters
What’s seven factors are homeostatically maintained
Nutrition concentration, O2 and CO2 concentration, H2O salt and electrolyte concentration, waste product concentration, pH, volume and pressure, and temperature
What are intrinsic and extrinsic homeostatic controls
Controls that are built right into an organ, local. Extrinsic are outside the organ but alter its activity and are achieved with nervous and endocrine systems
What is Feedback in a homeostatic control system and what is feedforward
Feedback is when a change is detected and then a response is made, feedforward is when a response is made in anticipation of a change
What are the three components of feedforward
A sensor/receptor, a control/integration center, and an effector
 What is negative feedback in a homeostatic control system
Feedback that works against the change to bring it back within a normal range, minimize change. This is the most common type in homeostasis
What is positive feedback in a homeostatic control system
Feedback that works to enhance and increase the change further away from the norm, maximize change. An example is oxytocin during childbirth causing contractions to further increase
