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GLPH 385 > Module 1: Introduction to Aging, Biohacking, and Gerontechnology > Flashcards

Module 1: Introduction to Aging, Biohacking, and Gerontechnology Flashcards

1
Q

Ageism

A

-the systematic stereotyping of and discrimination against people because they are old

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2
Q

What are people aged 75-84 considered to be

A

-old-old

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3
Q

What are people 85+ considered to

A

-oldest-old

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4
Q

What are people 100+ considered to be

A

-centenarian

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5
Q

What are people 110+ considered to be

A

-super-centenarian

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6
Q

Successful aging

A

-requires a combination of physical health and functional ability, high cognitive functioning, and active involvement with society

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7
Q

Self-efficacy

A

-reflects confidence in the ability to exert control over ones motivation, behaviour, and social environment

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8
Q

Well-being

A

-the state of being happy, healthy, or prosperous

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9
Q

Resilience

A

-the ability to thrive under difficult situations, turning adversity into a catalyst for growth and emotional well being

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10
Q

Positive aging

A

-characterized by being adaptable and proactive in coping with change

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11
Q

Lifestyle of older adults

A

-many older adults live on a fixed income such as a pension etc, which can mean that owning a car or travelling for outdoor leisure activities may be in a luxury

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12
Q

Major sources of income for older adults

A

-canada pension and social security
-other pensions
-assets such as interest-bearing savings and checking accounts, investments, home equity, and personal property
-employment earnings
-welfare

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13
Q

What are encore careers

A

-refers to new retirement jobs
-places an emphasis on working by choice and for enjoyment

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14
Q

What is gliding out

A

-phased retirement, may be offered to some older employees as a way to slowly transition from the workplace to retirement

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15
Q

What are examples of age related discrimination

A

-failure to be offered training
-change in status from senior manager position to managerial position with less authority
-transfer to a dead end job
-gradual demotion by taking away job responsibilities
-poor evaluations for same quality of work

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16
Q

Age norms

A

-serve to open up or close off the roles that people of a given chronological age can play

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17
Q

Socialization

A

-lifelong process by which individuals learn to perform new roles, adjust to changing roles, relinquish old ones, and become integrated into society

18
Q

Role discontinuity

A

-means what was learned at one age may be useless or in conflict with role expectations at a later age

19
Q

Social theories of aging

A

-modernization and aging theory
-life course perspective
-social constructionism
-feminist gerontology

20
Q

Modernization and aging theory

A

-suggest that factors in the current economic and societal structures have changed the way younger generations value older adults

21
Q

Life course perspective

A

-attempts to bridge structural/societal level and individual psychological level factors that affect human development
-this theory acknowledges that age cohort and historical time, location, agency, and relationships all affect the experience of aging

22
Q

Social constructionism

A

-is the idea that the knowledge and meaning are socially created and thus not an objective representation of aging
-this interpretation means that aging is defined as a problem by cultures and society, rather than by biology and the biological changes that occur

23
Q

Feminist gerontology

A

-the view that the experiences of women are often ignored in understanding the human condition
-this theory states that sex and/or gender is a primary factor when considering the implications of aging

24
Q

Goals of hacking

A

-permanently destroying data, software, or hardware in attacks
-procuring information and access
disrupting computer activity

25
Q

What is biotechnology

A

-originally used to refer to the use of living organisms to enhance crops, fuels, medical treatments and other tools
-has been extended to include the development of drugs

26
Q

Biohacking

A

-biological experimentation done to improve the qualities or capabilities of living organisms especially by individuals and groups working outside a traditional medical or scientific research

27
Q

Examples of biohacks

A

-simple tweaks like keto diet or intermittent fasting
-computer chips implanted in the body
-gene editing

28
Q

Examples of biohacking

A

-nutrigenomics
-DIY biology
-grinders and makers

29
Q

Nutrigenomics

A

-science of how food interacts with individual function and health

30
Q

DIY biology

A

-a type of biohacking spearheaded by people with education and experience in scientific fields

31
Q

Grinders and makers

A

-grinders are a biohacking subculture that hack their own bodies in a number of different ways including through implantation
-makers create things, using technology like 3D printing, and are often self-taught

32
Q

Nootropics

A

-ginko biloba
-methylene blue

33
Q

Ginkgo biloba

A

-seems to show protective effects against diseases like Alzheimers
-may have antoxidant and anti-cancer effects

34
Q

Methylene blue

A

-has the ability to protect the brain against some neurodegenerative disorders, along with cases of traumatic brain injury

35
Q

DIY biology

A

-area of biohacking that can involve diet, drugs, electronic technology, software, DNA, and genes

36
Q

Grinders

A

-often integrate technology into their bodies to try to improve their health or function

37
Q

Makers

A

-extend beyond the scope of DIY biologists with the use of technology
-they often intersect with hacker culture, with the creation of new technological devices as well as tinkering with existing ones

38
Q

What can wearables be used for

A

-receive biofeedback, to better understand their bodys physiology
-receive calendar and appointment reminders
-track physical activity to address fitness goals
-provides social media updates

39
Q

Issues that can arise from using wearables

A

-have potential to be used for surveillance via GPS monitoring or just by test/email/phone contact with or without the older adults permission
-may not have fully accurate data collected

40
Q

Role of sensors

A

-detect when the refrigerator, medicine cabinet, or other door is open or closed
-detect if the stove is on or if the water is left running
-record activity in bed including respiration, heart rate and movements
-detect stumbling and/or falls
-video recording of a room

41
Q

Cost effective method of monitoring

A

-home monitoring systems are considered cost effective for care providers

42
Q

Issues with AAL systems

A

-collect data on the activities of older adults under surveillance, including what they do in the bedroom

GLPH 385 (6 decks)

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