Module 1 - How to identify plants Flashcards
What are flower stalks called?
Peduncles. Also the stalk bearing fruit.
What is the internode?
The distance on the stem between leaves/nodes/buds
What is a petiole?
Leaf stalk
T/F: the parts of parsley that we most commonly eat are the leaves.
True and false. The leaf is everything that comes off the main stem. The leafLETS and petioles are what we generally eat.
What is a rachis?
The ‘stem’ that compound leaves (or, more accurately, the petiolules) attach to.
What is a petiolule?
The stem of a leaflet.
What is an umbel?
A cluster of flowers whose stems arise from a common center point. Parsley family is good example - actually umbels on umbels.
What is a stipule?
“a leaf-like appendage”, usually at the base of the leaf/petiole. Often look like two little tiny leaves or cotyledons at the base of the petiole.
What are basal leaves?
Leaves that grow from the lowest part of the stem. Basal generally refers to the base of the stem. Think of thistles and how the leaves often come from a similar origin near the base/soil.
What does basal mean when referring to trees?
Generally, tree stems. Basal area = total cross-sectional area of all stems in a stand measured at breast height. Expressed per unit land.
What is a compound leaf?
A leaf broken up into leaflets which are joined to a single stem (the petiole).
What does it mean if the petiole is ‘sheathing’?
Wraps around the stem.
What is the sepal?
The green part at the base of a flower that encapsulates it before it opens. e.g. strawberry hull.
What does ‘the inflorescence’ refer to?
Group of flowers
What is a schizocarp?
A dry fruit that separates into multiple mericarps (carpels) when mature.
What is a carpel?
The female reproductive organ of a flower. Includes stigma, style (the tube that goes from stigma to ovary), and ovary
What parts make up the male reproductive organs of a flower?
The stamen is the male part, which consists of a filament (stem) and anther (looks like a coffee bean on top of the filament).
What is a raceme?
A flower cluster resembling a compound leaf; i.e. a main stem (petiole) with multiple flower stalks (of roughly the same length) coming off at equal distance from each other. The flowers at the bottom develop first.
What plants are in the Asteraceae family?
Sunflowers, daisies, marigolds, lettuce, artichokes, chamomile
Name some plants in the Fabaceae family
Peas, beans, chickpeas, acacias, carob, broom, gorse, clover, lucerne
Name some plants in the Lamiaceae family
Loads of culinary herbs: rosemary, thyme, basil, savory, sage, mint, oregano, marjoram, chia, teak,
Name some plants in the Rosaceae family
Roses, ‘drupe’ fruit’, e.g. apricots, peaches, and other stone fruit; ‘pome’ fruit, e.g. apples, pears; compound fruits, e.g. raspberries, blackberries, strawberries
Name some plants in the Rutaceae family
The citrus family; lemons, limes, oranges, etc.; boronia, Sichuan pepper
Name some plants in the Solanaceae family
Potatoes, tomatoes, capsicums, chillis, tomatillos, cape gooseberries, chinese lanterns, wolfberry, tobacco, petunia, mandrake,
