Module 1: Electric Charges and Electric Field Flashcards
negatively charged, freely-”orbiting”
electrons
A ______________________ can undergo polarization in the presence of external charge (gains a positive and negative pole)
neutral material
Charge doesn’t easily flow the material
insulators
net charge is 0 and the object is said to be?
electrically neutral
gravity is caused by (and acts on) objects with?
mass
negative ions
anions
positive ions
cations
Charge easily flows through the material
conductors
electrons are only loosely bound to atoms and can need minimal energy to “escape” and move freely
conductor
electric and magnetic forces are caused by (and act on)
objects with?
charge
Opposite charges exert an __________ force toward each other
attractive
charge transfer methods
friction, conduction, and induction
Like charges may not necessarily be identical in ______________
magnitude
The study of stationary (static) or slow-moving electric charges
electrostatics
opposite charges may not necessarily be opposite in ______________
magnitude
One of the four fundamental interactions between matter that we know of in physics
electromagnetism
electrons are used in molecular bonding (covalent bonding), and need a lot of energy to be released from their atoms
insulator
contain almost all of the atom’s mass in a relatively tiny space
nucleus
The source of electric and magnetic forces is a property of matter known as?
electric charge
Atoms gain charge by losing/gaining electrons through?
ionization
whom does Coulomb’s Law named after?
Charles-Augustin Coulomb
Some materials have intermediate properties between conductors and insulators, and are classified as?
semiconductors
Most of the atom’s “volume” is an empty region containing the “_______” of relatively tiny electrons
orbits
these are atoms with a net positive/negative charge
ions
Coulomb’s law also obeys the?
principle of superposition of forces
grav. force is always?
attractive
mass is always?
positive
positively charged; clustered in the nucleus due to strong nuclear interaction
protons
Like charges exert a _____________ force on each other
repulsive
Charge, like mass, is _____________ in any closed system
conserved
Coulomb’s law obeys?
Newton’s 3rd Law of Motion
