Module 1: Curriculum: Definition, Conceptions, Nature and Purpose

Question 1

Which POV
written document or a plan of action to accomplish goals; a body of subjects or a subject matter prepared by teachers in order for the students to learn; a course of study; syllabus, lesson plan, or a field of study –

Answer 1

traditional point of view

Question 2

views that discipline is the sole source of curriculum, and so, the curriculum is
divided into chunks of knowledge which are called subject areas like English,
mathematics, social studies, science, humanities, languages, and others.

Answer 2

JOSEPH SCHWAB

Question 3

believes that the mission of the school is to train the
intellectual capacity of learners.

Answer 3

ARTHUR BESTOR

Question 4

believes that college education must be grounded on liberal education while
basic education should emphasize the rules of grammar, reading, rhetoric, logic and
mathematics.
- For him, curriculum is viewed as permanent studies

Answer 4

ROBERT M. HUTCHINS

Question 5

The Advocates of Curriculum in Traditional POV

Answer 5

• ROBERT M. HUTCHINS
• ARTHUR BESTOR
• JOSEPH SCHWAB

Question 5

The Advocates of Curriculum PROGRESSIVE pov

Answer 5

• JOHN DEWEY
• HOLLIS CASWELL AND DOAK CAMPBELL
• B. OTHANEL SMITH, WILLIAM O. STANLEY, AND J. HARLAN SHORES
• COLIN J. MARSH AND GEORGE WILLIS

Question 6

define curriculum as the “experiences in the classroom which are planned and enacted by the teacher, and also learned by the students”. In this definition, the experiences are done in the classrooms.

Answer 6

COLIN J. MARSH AND GEORGE WILLIS

Question 7

“a sequence of potential experiences set up in the schools for the purpose of disciplining the children and the youth while doing group activities.”

Answer 7

B. OTHANEL SMITH, WILLIAM O. STANLEY, AND J. HARLAN SHORES

Question 8

“all experiences children have under the guidance of the teachers.”

Answer 8

HOLLIS CASWELL AND DOAK CAMPBELL

Question 9

For him, it is important to test the knowledge or thought through application, or the learning by doing,

Answer 9

JOHN DEWEY

Question 10

curriculum is defined as the total learning experiences of individuals which means that students be given all the opportunities to apply what they learn.

Answer 10

PROGRESSIVE POINT OF VIEW

Question 11

Curriculum Conceptions (6)

Answer 11

• Curriculum as a fact
• Curriculum as a practice
• Curriculum as a means to attain self-actualization
• Curriculum as a cognitive process
• Curriculum focused on technology
• Curriculum as having social relevance

Question 12

unintended information, skills, and attitudes communicated to students.

Answer 12

“hidden curriculum”

Question 12

includes the idea that social
reconstruction is needed in the midst of conflicts, poverty and hunger,
environmental abuse, racial discrimination, political oppression that prevail in
many societies; believes that learners have to gain skills in living in a changing
world.

Answer 12

Curriculum as having social relevance

Question 12

seeks to make learning systematic and efficient.

Answer 12

Curriculum focused on technology

Question 13

intends to sharpen students’ intellectual process and develop cognitive skills for studying virtually anything

Answer 13

Curriculum as a cognitive process

Question 14

is used to develop skills in inferring, speculating,
deducing, and analyzing, which are expected to continue long after the content
is forgotten; focuses on students’ learning processes rather than the social
context.

Answer 14

subject matter

Question 14

aims at the development of the learner to the fullest extent by considering their needs, interest, and abilities, on which the curriculum content is largely based.

Answer 14

Curriculum as a means to attain self-actualization

Question 14

focuses not simply on the acquisition of knowledge but more on how it is collectively “discovered” and produced by both teachers and pupils and on how the school subjects and students abilities match.

Answer 14

Curriculum as a practice

Question 15

focuses on the process of socialization or the acquisition of particular knowledge, skills, and values which a teacher transmits to students to prepare them for the adult world

Answer 15

Curriculum as a fact

Question 16

• unplanned happenings in classrooms.
• Instead of regarding curricula narrowly as formalized classroom content or prescriptive learning objectives, it may be useful to think of them more holistically as programs for experiences

Answer 16

Curricula as Experiences

Question 17

Definitions made by different researchers are provided to better understand the conception of curriculum (5)

Answer 17

• Curricula as a Set of Objectives
• Curricula as Courses of Study or Content
• Curricula as Plans
• Curricula as Documents
• Curricula as Experiences

Question 18

“has become associated with the official written programs of study published by ministries or departments of education, local authorities or boards of education, and commercial firms or teams of educational specialists working on specially funded projects”

Answer 18

Curricula as Documents

Question 19

Curriculum can be seen as a means of achieving specific educational goals and objectives. In this sense, a curriculum can be regarded as a checklist of desired outcomes.

Answer 19

Curricula as a Set of Objectives

Question 20

Curriculum can be understood as a process of selecting courses of study or content

Answer 20

Curricula as Courses of Study or Content

Question 21

A curriculum can be seen as a plan, or a sort of blueprint for systematically implementing educational activities.

Answer 21

Curricula as Plans