Module 1 Chpt 1,2,3 Flashcards
Disiplined research stands in contrast to what
tradition, authority, personal experience, trial and error, and logical reasoning
positivist paradigm
assumed objective reality and natural phenom are orderly
determinism
part of positivist paradigm - belief that phenomena result from prior causes and are not haphazard
constructivist (naturalistic paradigm
reality is not fixed but is a construct of the human mind - the truth is a combination of multiple constructs of reality
what type of research is closely related to positivist?
quantitative research
quantitative research
collection and analysis of numerical data - typically the scientific method - systematic and controlled.
Empirical evidence with a strive for generalizability.
what type of research is closely related to constructivist?
qualitative research
qualitative research
emphasis on the understanding of human experience, as it is lived through the collection and analysis of subjective, narrative materials
basic research
extend knowledge for the sake of knowledge
applied research
discovering solutions to immediate problems
cause-probing
designed to illuminate the underlying cause of phenomina
description/explanation continuum
identification, description, exploration, prediction/control, and explanation
EBP aims
therapy/intervention diagnosis/assessment prognosis etiology of harm (cause/prevention) description meaning/process
inductive reasoning
developing generalizations from specifics
deductive reasoning
developing specifics from generalizations
components of EBP
- best research evidence
- your own clinical knowledge
- patient preferences, values and circumstances
Cochrane collaborative
prepares and disseminates reviews of research evidence for healthcare decision making
research utilization
like EBP BUT it starts with research-based innovation that is evaluated for possible use in practice
Knowledge translation
system-wide efforts to enhance systemitic change in clinical practice or policies
6S hierarchy
6 - systems 5 - summaries 4 - synopses of synthesis 3 - synthesis 2 - synopses of single studies 1 - single studies
systematic reviews
rigorous integrations of research evidence from multiple studies on a topic
QUALTITATIVE - metasynthesis or meta-aggregation
QUANTITATIVE - meta-analysis
clinical practice guidelines
combination of synthesis and appraisal of research and evidence from a systematic review
level of evidence scales
rank evidence source
5 A’s
ask . aquire . appraise . apply . assess
concepts
building blocks of theories - systematic explanations of some aspects of the real world
conceptual definition
abstract or theoretical meaning of a concept being studied
operational definition
specifies how the variable will be measurell
cause and effect (causal)
when the IV is a cause of the DV
associative relationship
variables are related but in a noncausa way
Grounded theory
seeks to describe and understand key social psychological processes that occur in social settings
phenomenology
focuses on the lived experiences ofhumans and is an approach to learning what the life experiences of people are like and what they mean
Ethnography
framework for studying the meanings, patterns, and lifeways of culture in a holistic fashion
phases of quantitative research
conceptual, planning, empirical, analytic and dissemination
conceptual phase
- define the problem
- doing a literature review
- engaging in clinical fieldwork4. developing a framework and conceptual definitions
- formulating a hypothesis
planning phase
- selecting a research design
- developing intervention protocols (if experimental)
- specify the population
- developing a sampling plan
- specifying methods to measure research variables
- safeguarding the rights of the participants
- finalizing research plan (pretesting instruments)
empirical phase
- collecting data
14. preparing data for analysis
analytic phase
- analyzing through statistics
16. interpretation
dissemination phase
- research report
18. promoting use in nursing practice
emergent design
a qualitative study design that evolves during data collection
qualitative design flow
a broad question requiring gain entree from gatekeepers. Interactive fashion - select informants, collect data, analyze and interperate in an interactive fashion
IMRAD
introduction, methods, results, and Discussion
