Module 1 - Carbohydrates Flashcards
What elements do carbohydrates contain?
Carbon, Hydrogen and Oxygen.
What percent above of the organic matter in a cell do carbohydrates make up?
10%
What is meant by carbohydrate?
They are a group of molecules containing carbon, hydrogen and oxygen in the ratio of Cn(H2O)n.
What is a three carbon monosaccharide known as?
Trios sugars.
What are 5-Carbon Monosaccharides known as?
Pentose sugars.
What are 6-Carbon monosaccharides known as?
Hexose Sugars.
What are the most common monosaccharides?
Hexose sugars.
When the ring structures form they can form in two slightly different ways. What are these ways?
In Alpha glucose the OH at C1 is below the plane of the ring.
In Beta glucose the OH at C1 is above the plane of the ring.
How is a disaccharide formed?
It is formed when a condensation reaction occurs. A covalent, glycosidic bond forms.
What does the building of polysaccharides and breaking down of larger molecules involve?
The making and breaking of glycosidic bonds.
What releases energy in respiration?
The breaking of glucose into simpler molecules of water and carbon dioxide.
What can the energy made from respiration be used to make?
ATP.
