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Histology > Module 1: Basic tissue types > Flashcards

Module 1: Basic tissue types Flashcards

1
Q

Where can simple cuboidal epithelium be found?

A

Thyroid gland and kidneys

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2
Q

4 types of tissues

A

Epithelial
Connective
Muscular
Nervous

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3
Q

Epithelial tissues

A

Cover body surfaces and line hollow organs, body cavities, and ducts
Forms glands
Allows the body to interact with both its internal and external environments

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4
Q

Connective tissues

A

Protect and support the body and its organs
Bind together, support, and strengthen other body tissues
Store energy reserves as fat
Main source of immune responses

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5
Q

Apocrine glands

A

Found in the axillary regions (armpits) and genital areas

Become active during puberty

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6
Q

Sebaceous glands

A

Secrete sebum
Associated with hair follicles
Helps to waterproof hair and skin and inhibits growth of bacteria on skin surface

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7
Q

Exocrine glands

A

Secrete their products into ducts that carry the secretions into body cavities, into the lumen of an organ, or to the outer surface of the body
Eg. sweat glands, salivary glands, mucous glands

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8
Q

Endocrine glands

A

Secrete their products into theinterstitial fluid surrounding the secretory cells rather than into ducts, then diffusedirectly into the bloodstream
Have far reaching effects because they are distributed throughout the body by the bloodstream
Eg. pituitary gland, pineal gland, thyroid gland

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9
Q

4 types of neuroglia

A

Astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, microglias, ependymal cells

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10
Q

The term mesothelium refers to the lining of what?

A

Serous body cavity

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11
Q

Main functions of epithelial tissue

A

Absorption, protection, secretion

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12
Q

Four ways to classify exocrine glands

A

Duct arrangement (simple/compound)
Shape of secretory unit (tubular/acinar/tubuloacinar)
Type of secretion (serous/mucous/seromucous)
Means of discharge (merocrine/apocrine/holocrine)

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13
Q

What do serous glands secrete?

A

A watery secretion containing enzymes

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14
Q

Which type of glands only secrete after puberty?

A

Apocrine

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15
Q

3 shapes of a secretory unit

A

Tubular - shaped like a tube, can be coiled or branched
Acinar - sac-like
Tubuloacinar - combination of both tubular and acinar structures

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16
Q

2 other names for cardiac muscle

A

Myocardium, heart muscle

17
Q

2 other names for skeletal muscle

A

Voluntary muscle, striated muscle

18
Q

2 other names for smooth muscle

A

Visceral muscle, involuntary muscle

19
Q

3 contractile cells which function on their own, and their locations

A

Myoepithelial - secretory glands
Pericytes - surround blood vessels
Myofibrils - scar formation, secrete collagen

20
Q

What is ground substance composed of?

A

Proteoglycans, glycosaminoglycans, glycoproteins

21
Q

How does ground substance appear microscopically after routine staining?

A

Unstained

22
Q

The sheets formed by elastic fibers are called:

A

elastic laminae

23
Q

Function of adipose tissue

A

Padding/cushion
Insulation against heat loss
Energy reserve

24
Q

Fibroblast function

A

Secrete extracellular matrix of collagen and elastin

25
Q

Chondrocyte function

A

Secrete extracellular matrix of cartilage

26
Q

Myofibroblast function

A

Contractile and secretory function

27
Q

What does white matter consist of?

A

Nerve fibers

28
Q

In what part of the central nervous system are Purkinje cells found?

A

Cerebellum

29
Q

What does Nissl substance represent?

A

Rough endoplasmic reticulum

30
Q

Where is Nissl substance found?

A

Perikaryon, dendrites

31
Q

Cytoplasm of neurons

A

Perikaryon

32
Q

Perikaryon

A

Cytoplasm of neurons

33
Q

Where would you find transitional epithelium?

A

Urinary bladder

34
Q

Another name for merocrine glands

A

Eccrine glands

35
Q

Another name for eccrine glands

A

Merocrine glands

36
Q

Holocrine glands

A

Whole secretory cells are discharged and they disintegrate to allow release of the secretory products
Eg sebaceous glands

37
Q

Is the pancreas an exocrine or an endocrine gland?

A

Both

38
Q

Type of specialized support cell that secretes collagen and elastin (ECM)

A

Fibroblasts

39
Q

Type of cell responsible for the myelination of axons in the CNS

A

Oligodendrocytes

Histology (12 decks)

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