Module 1: Atomic Structure and Mass Flashcards
Module 1 Chapter 03
What is the attraction between positive and negative particles known as?
Electrostatic Attraction
What is an isotope?
Isotopes are elements which have the same number of protons but a different number of neutrons.
What is a radioisotope?
A radioisotope is an isotope which emits some sort of radiation.
What is an alpha particle comprised of?
Two protons and two neutrons (a helium nucleus).
Why do atoms undergo alpha decay?
Because the atom has too few neutrons to be stable.
What is a beta particle comprised of?
Beta particles are simply an electron.
Why do atoms undergo beta decay?
Because they have too many neutrons.
What change does the atomic number undergo in beta decay?
The atomic number increases by one.
What is gamma radiation?
An Electromagnetic wave.
What is relative atomic mass?
RAM is the mass of an atom compared to carbon-12.
What is relative isotopic abundance?
The relative abundance of each isotope of an element.
What can be achieved in mass spectroscopy?
Separation and analysis of each of an atom’s isotopes.
How is relative formula mass / relative molecular mass calculated?
(RAM * amount) + …
What is Bohr’s model of the atom?
- Electrons orbit at fixed radii around the nucleus
- These are called energy levels
- Electrons can not exist between the energy levels
- Orbits of larger radii are equivalent to higher energy levels.
How do ionisation energy graphs prove energy levels exist within atoms?
Jumps in the graph indicate a change of energy level.
