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UCSP midterms > Module 1 and 2 > Flashcards

Module 1 and 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Explain and predicts phenomena related to foundation, establishment, and growth of human society

A

Social Science

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2
Q

Concerned with those basic elements of culture that
determine the general patterns of human behavior (Hunt and Colander, 2011)

A

Social Science

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3
Q

Science seeking to uncover principles of behavior that
apply to all human communities

A

Anthropology

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4
Q

Study of human beings and their ancestors

A

Anthropology

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5
Q

Greek: antropos:______ , logos:________

A

human, study

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6
Q

TRUE OR FALSE: Antrophology looks for a “culture universal” instead of “universtal culture

A

TRUE

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7
Q

What are the branches of anthropology?

A

Physical anthropology and Cultural anthropology (archeology, antropological linguistics, ethnology)

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8
Q

Also knowns as biological anthropology

A

Physical anthropology

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9
Q

Humans emerged and evolved through time

A

Physical anthropology

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10
Q

Human beings differ biologically

A

Physical anthropology

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11
Q

Concerned with the differences in culture from time to time

A

Cultural anthropology

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12
Q

Study of past cultures through material remains

A

Archaeology

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13
Q

Study of the difference of languages among cultures and how it is constructed

A

Anthropological Linguistics

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14
Q

Study of present cultures

A

Ethnology

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15
Q

Study of governments, public policies and political processes, systems, and political behavior.

A

Political Science

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16
Q

Application of political ideas and concepts for answering political phenomena.

A

Political theory

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17
Q

Study of context of different political and government systems

A

Comparative Politics

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18
Q

Study of political interactions between state and non-state actors

A

International Relations

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19
Q

Study of various administrative schemes implemented by the government

A

Public Administration

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20
Q

Scientific study of society and the behavior of people in the society

A

Sociology

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21
Q

Study of relationships among people

A

Sociology

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22
Q

Method of Study: “The Sociological Imagination” is conceptualized by whom?

A

C. Wright Mills (1959)

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23
Q

Imagining the intersections of their life situations (biography)and the events in the society (history) as
interconnected and influences each other

A

Method of Study: “The Sociological Imagination”

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24
Q

Converting personal issues into public issues

A

Method of Study: “The Sociological Imagination”

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25
Q

What are the three theoretical perspectives in sociology?

A

Structural-functionalism, critical-historical (conflict theory), symbolic interaction

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26
Q

Society as a system with parts and functions

A

Structural-functionalism

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27
Q

Health of the system is defined by the parts performing their assigned tasks and working in coordination with other parts of the system

A

Structural-functionalism

28
Q

Functions are manifest (obvious) or latent (hidden)

A

Structural-functionalism

29
Q

Society as full of tensions and struggles between groups
and individuals.

A

Conflict theory

30
Q

Society is constructed in favor of the powerful/wealthy over the powerless/poor.

A

Conflict theory

31
Q

Society as composed of social interactions

A

Symbolic-interaction

32
Q

Social interactions are governed by shared and co-created meanings made by the social actors in every interaction

A

Symbolic-interaction

33
Q

Shared meanings are lodged on objects, events, and persons and are seen as symbols, the interpretation of which shape and influence the emerging interactions

A

Symbolic-interaction

34
Q

Group of people sharing a common identity, culture, territory, and language who act together for collective survival and well-being

A

Society

35
Q

Organization that caters to a human’s need for belongingness in a group

A

Society

36
Q

Proponents of Structural-functionalism

A

Durkheim/Weber

37
Q

Proponent of conflict theory

A

Karl Marx

38
Q

Proponent of symbolic-interaction

A

Cooley/Mead

39
Q

Complex whole which encompasses beliefs, practices, values, attitudes, laws, norms, artifacts, symbols, attitudes, norms, knowledge and everything that a person learns and
shares as a member of society

A

Culture

40
Q

An organized body of conventional understandings manifest in art which persisting through tradition, characterizes a human group

A

Culture

41
Q

Everything that a person learns as a member of the society

A

Culture

42
Q

2 Components of Culture

A

Tangible/Material and Non-tangible/Immaterial

43
Q

Beliefs, values, norms, traditional skills and technologies

A

Non-tangible

44
Q

Provides physical space for culture

A

Tangible

45
Q

5 Characteristics of culture

A
  1. Social
  2. Varies in each society
  3. Shared
  4. Learned and transmitted
  5. Continuous and cumulative
46
Q
  • Product of behavior and of the society
  • Develops through social interaction
  • The experiences of other people are impressed on a
    person as he or she grows up
A

Culture is social

47
Q

Culture of each society is unique to itself due to the fact that it is a human product

A

Culture varies from society to
society

48
Q
  • Various members of a society commonly share ideas,
    activities and artifacts, making it socially and
    conventionally standardized
  • Shared culture provides order and meaning in
    interpreting behavioral patters of individuals in a
    society.
  • Transmission is not automatic but largely depends on
    the willingness of people to give and receive it.
A

Culture is shared.

49
Q

TRUE or FALSE: Culture is learned biologically instead of socially

A

FALSE

50
Q
  • Learned socially rather than biologically
  • Handed to generations through the process of socialization and/or enculturation
  • Is bestowed in a cumulative fashion
A

Culture is learned and transmitted

51
Q

Culture exists as a continuous process, responsive to
the changing conditions of the physical world

A

Culture is continuous and
cumulative.

52
Q

4 Functions of culture

A
  1. Defines situations
  2. Defines attitudes, values, and goals
  3. Defines behavioral patterns
  4. Defines myths, legends, and supernatural
53
Q

Each culture has many subtle cues which define each situation

A

Culture defines situations.

54
Q

Attitudes, values, and goals are defined by the culture and the individual normally learns them as unconsciously as he or she learns the language

A

Culture defines attitudes, values,
and goals.

55
Q

By approving certain goals and ridiculing others, the culture channels individual ambitions

A

Culture defines attitudes, values,
and goals.

56
Q

Culture provides the individual with a ready-made view of the universe

A

Culture defines myths, legends,
and the supernatural

57
Q

Culture imposes limits on humans and their activities

A

Culture provides behavioral
patterns

58
Q

Need for order calls forth the need for culture to establish behavioral patterns so that disorderly behavior
can be avoided

A

Culture provides behavioral
patterns.

59
Q

Practice of comparing other cultural practices with those of one’s own and automatically finding those other cultural practices to be inferior

A

Ethnocentrism

60
Q

Who conceived ethnocentrism?

A

William Graham Sumner

61
Q

Functions of ethnocentrism

A
  • Encourages group solidarity
  • Hinders the understanding or cooperation
    between groups
62
Q

Preference for the foreign

A

Xenocentrism

63
Q

Strong belief that one’s own products, styles, or ideas are inferior to those which originated elsewhere

A

Xenocentrism

64
Q

Fear of what is perceived as foreign or strange

A

Xenophobia

65
Q

Can be seen in the relations and perceptions of an in-
group towards an out-group

A

Xenophobia

66
Q

Idea that all norms, beliefs and values are dependent
of their cultural context.

A

Cultural Relativism

UCSP midterms (2 decks)

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