Module 1 - Anatomy and Physiology Flashcards
Studies the structure of body parts and their relationship
ANATOMY
TYpe of Anatomy
Structures are examined system by system
keyword: System by system
Systemic Anatomy
Study of large body structures visible to the naked eye.
Gross Anatomy
All structures in particular region of the body.
Regional
Study of internal structures as they relate to the overlying skin surface.
Surface
traces structural changes that occur throughout the life span.
Developmental
Studies the function of the body.
Physiology
The levels of structural organization
Atoms -> Molecules -> Organelle -> Smooth muscle cell -> Smooth muscled tissue -> Blood vessels -> Organs -> Human
Forms the external body covering, and protecst deeper tissues from injury.
Types of Systems in the Body
Integumentary System
Glands secrete hormones that regulate processes.
Types of Systems in the Body
Endocrine system
Picks up fluid leaked wfrom blood vessels and return it to blood.
Types of Systems in the Body
Lymphatic System
Eliminates nitrogenous wasted from the body.
Types of Systems in the Body
Urinary System
Capabilities of an organized human body.
- Maintaining Boundaries
- Movement
- Responsiveness
- Digestion
- Metabolism
- Excretion
- Reproduction
- Growth
Set of metabolic pathways that breaks down molecules into smaller units.
Catabolism
Set of metabolic pathways that construct molecules from smaller units.
Anabolism
Survival Needs
- Nutrients
- Oxygen
- Water
- Normal Body Temperature
- Atmospheric Pressure
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Ability of the body to maintain relatively stable internal conditions even though the outside world changes continuously.
Homeostasis
It occurs when a pathway that is triggered by a deviation in output and produces changes in output in the opposite direction of the initial deviation.
Negetive Feedback Mechanism
Initials response enhances the original stimulus so that further responses are even greater.
Positive Feedback Mechanism
Refers to the positioning of the body when it is standing upright and facing forward with each arm hanging on either side of the body, and the palms facing forward.
Anatomical Position
The patient is positioned face-down with their head in a neutral position without excessive flexion, extension, or rotation.
Prone Position
Lying horizontally with the face and torso facing up, as opposed to the prone position, which is face down.
Supine Position
An anatomical plane that divides the body into right and left sections.
Sagittal Plane
Is used to describe the sagittal plane as it bisects the body vertically through the midline marked by the navel, dividing the body exactly in left and right side.
Median Plane
A vertical plane running from side to side. It divides the body or any of its parts into anterior and posterior portions.
Coronal Plane
Oblique Plane
Transverse Plane
Posterior
