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PHY121IN (Pima Fall 2022) > Module 1: An Introduction to Motion > Flashcards

Module 1: An Introduction to Motion Flashcards

1
Q

motion diagrams

A

the composite image shows an object’s positions at several equally spaced instants of time

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2
Q

two step process for solving motion problems

A
  • representation
  • analyze with the language of mathematics
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3
Q

motion

A

the change of an object’s position/orientation with time

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4
Q

trajectory

A

the path along which an object moves

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5
Q

4 basic types of motion `

A
  • straight line motion
  • circular motion
  • projectile motion
  • rotational motion
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6
Q

a video camera takes images at a fixed rate. each separate image is called a…

A

frame

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7
Q

motion diagram

A

the composite image shows an object’s positions at several equally spaced instants of time

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8
Q

operational definitions

A

the concepts are defined in terms of a particular procedure or operation

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9
Q

constant speed motion diagram

A

images that are equally spaced

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10
Q

speeding up motion diagram

A

there is an increasing distance between the images

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11
Q

slowing down motion diagram

A

there is a decreasing distance between the distance

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12
Q

more complex motion diagrams show changes in…

A

speed and direction

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13
Q

oscillating system

A

something that moves back and forth around an equilibrium position (examples: vibrating guitar string, sound wave, jiggling atoms in a crystal)

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14
Q

modeling

A

stripping away the details to focus on essential features

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15
Q

model

A

a highly simplified picture of reality, but still captures the essence of what we want to study

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16
Q

descriptive models

A

what are the essential characteristics and properties of phenomenon? how do we describe it in the simplest possible terms?

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17
Q

explanatory models

A

why do things happen as they do?
predictive power; allow us to test whether a model gives an adequate explanation of our observations

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18
Q

t/f: the motion of the object as a whole is not influenced by the details of the object’s size and shape

A

true

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19
Q

for the purpose of analyzing motion, we often consider the object as if it were just a…

A

single point

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20
Q

particle

A

an object that can be represented as a mass at a single point in space

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21
Q

simplifying a motion diagram using the particle model

A
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22
Q

the particle model

A

allows us to see connections that are very important but that are obscured or lost by examining all the parts of an extended, real object

23
Q

t/f: all objects falling under the inlfuence of gravity move in a different manner if no other forces act

A

false; all objects falling under the influence of gravity move in exactly the same manner if no other forces act

24
Q

the particle model for two falling objectts

A
25
Q

one dimensional motion

A

the motion of an object that can move only along a straight line

26
Q

position

A

your location at a particulat instant in time

27
Q

origin

A

reference point from which all distances are to be measured

28
Q

describing your position

A
29
Q

in order to specify how far out object is from the origin, we lay down… along the line of the objects motion

A

an imaginary axis

30
Q

coordinate system

A

an origin and an axis marked in both the positive and negative directions can be used to unambiguously locate the position of an object

31
Q

the coordinate system used to describe objecys along a country road

A
32
Q

coordinate

A

the symbol that represents a position along an axis

33
Q

a coordinate system for a 50 meter race

A
34
Q

examples of one dimensionsal motion

A
35
Q

the motion diagram of a car that travels at constant speed and then brakes to a halt

A
36
Q

sam undergoes a displacement △x from position xi to position xf

A
37
Q

displacement

A

a change of position

38
Q

the change in any quantity is…

A

the final value of the quanity minus its inital value

39
Q

signed quantity

A

it can be wither positive or negative

40
Q

t/f: displacement is a signed quantity

A

true

41
Q

a displacement is a signed quantity. here △x is a negative number

A
42
Q

time intervals

A

changes in time

43
Q

the motion diagram of a bicycle moving to the right at a constant speed

A
44
Q

a time interval (△t) measures…

A

the elapsed time as an object moves from an initial position xi at time ti to a fianl position xf at time tf

45
Q

uniform motion

A

motion at a constant speed

46
Q

motion diagrams for a car and a bicycle

A
47
Q

t/f: the smaller the distance traveled by an object in a given time interval, the greater its speed

A

false; the greater the distance traveled by an object in a given time interval, the greater its speed

48
Q

speed of an object

A

speed = (distance traveled in a given time interval) / (time interval)

49
Q

two bicycles traveling at the same speed, but with different velocities

A
50
Q

velocity of a moving object

A

velocity = displacement / time interval = △x / △t

51
Q

speed vs. velocity

A

speed measures how fast an object moves; velocity measures an object’s speed and direction

52
Q

instantaneous velocity

A

the velocity of an object at a particular instant in time

53
Q

per

A

associates the number of units in the numerator with one unit of the denominator

54
Q
A

PHY121IN (Pima Fall 2022) (2 decks)

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