Module 1 - Alternative Teaching Methods Flashcards
Total Physical Response
Learning by responding to commands before speaking
Good with young learners
Good to test low-level learners
Examples of Total Physical Response
- Students point to different pieces of clothing when prompted to learn vocabulary.
- Students listen to a song and stand up when assigned word is spoken.
- Students point to a color when prompted.
Advantages and Disadvantages
of Total Physical Response
- Good with young and low-level learners
- Fun and engaging
- Limited to teaching basic topics
- Students respond passively
The Silent Way
Language learning as a process of problem-solving and discovery.
Teacher remains silent while responsibility to work out rules falls to learners.
Developed in the 1970s
Examples of the Silent Way
Teacher acts like mime pointing to pictures or using cues for direction and correction.
Advantages and Disadvantages of
the Silent Way
- Reduced Teacher Talking Time (TTT)
- Simplified corrections instead of lengthy oral description
- Focuses on learner needs and abilities
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Community Language Learning
Learning as an emotionally engaging group experience.
Learners direct class and conversations which are recorded and played back for language work.
How as Community Language Learning impacted teaching procedure?
Extra space in the syllabus for content lead by learner interest
Suggestopedia
Influenced by Maslow’s hierarchy of needs, uses music, decoration, and ritualized teacher behavior
Uses concrete structure and power of memory to optimize learning
Three Steps of Suggestopedia
- Review previous material
- New material presented in students first language; discuss grammar, vocabulary, and content; translate
- Seance/Concert Session; silence then new material is read set to music with pauses to absorb material
What elements of Suggestopedia are used in teaching today
- Review of previous material at start of class
- A set predictable routine for class (esp. good for young learners)
- Relaxed atmosphere with music, decoration, and comfortable seating
Multiple Intelligences
- Language
- Logical/Mathematical
- Mental models of the world
- Music
- Bodily/kinesthetic
- Interpersonal
- Introspection
- Understanding of nature
What is the purpose of understanding multiple intelligences for language learning?
Teaching should be catered to learners different intelligences and strengths
- Logical/rational learner like problem-solving activities
- Intrapersonal learners like individual activities
- Musical learners using songs and music
Neuro-Linguistic Programming
A humanistic philosophy, not a language learning model
A communicative approach - learner centered and spoken fluency focused
Focused on development of self-awareness and actualization
4 Pillars - Outcomes, Rapport, Sensory Acuity, Flexibility
What are the 4** pillars of neuro-linguistic programming?
- Outcomes - students need clear goals to work towards
- Rapport - develop good rapport b/t students and teacher and each other to promote successful communication
- Teach non-verbal communication such as gestures and tone
- Flexibility - in activities and techniques to use with different learners; mistakes are seen as good experimentation
** Learning Style - cater to ways of processing info: auditory, visual, kinesthetic
The Lexical Approach
Language as more complex than grammar rules - vocab in chunks, not discrete words
Lexical units
Idioms
Similes
Connectives
Conversational gambits
The Natural Approach
Language used to communicate messages and meanings
Listening and reading, speaking later
Learner gets as much comprehensible information as possible; visual aids, range of vocabulary, authentic texts
Tasked-based Learning (TBL)
Give students a real life task to complete and repeat
Giving task at beginning of class can help analyze what learners already know
Principles Eclecticism
Mix and match different methods for learners needs
Generally how English is taught today
Examples of Principles Eclecticism
- Drilling used for pronunciation and grammar accuracy
- Students who enjoy grammar rules do language analysis
Dogme
Teaching “unplugged”
- Materials light
- Conversation driven
- Focus on learner and emergent language
What is the general process of Dogme?
Materials for lessons provided by learner
Teacher mediates:
- Ask questions
- Provide discussion points,
- Direct discussion to emergent language
Language in discussion (and mistakes) guide lesson
Demand High
Not a methodology, but guide for adjustments to teaching methods
To get much greater depth of tangible engagement and learning
