MODULE 1 Flashcards
Traditional management
- top manager: ensure competitiveness and lower personnel job security
- lower level management and employees: implement top managers strategies
- > command oriented
Contemporary management
—lower level managers and employees: empowered
-responsible for their own growth and competitiveness of the company
—top management: support personnel development and ensure employability
-customer oriented
Ex.) zappos
Management
The art of getting things done through other people
PLOC framework
Planning: where to go?
Leading: let’s go
Organizing : how to go
Controlling: are we going
Daniel Pink’s theory (needs theory)
Autonomy: - our need to be self-directed
-for more complicated work it’s better to have more autonomous employees
Mastery: -urge to get better at stuff
-challenge (for people in sophisticated fields, they like the challenge)
Purpose: transcendent purpose
-more organizations want this because it makes coming to work better and also gets better talent
Need theories v. Process theories of motivation
Needs: Individual theory, people are looking for purpose
Process: internal factors interact with the environment (I.e. some situations are more likely to motivate than others)
Maslow hierarchy of needs
Needs theory
- self actualization
- Esteem
- Love (social)
- Safety and security
- Physiological needs
Alderfer’s ERG theory
Needs theory
Existence>relatedness >growth
McClelland’s need theory
APA
Needs theory
Three needs:
Achievement- setting goals and trying to reach them
-high achievers want moderate goals and feedback but no interference
Power: -impact others and change people/ events
——socialized v. Personalized power:
-socialized: to use power for a higher/ self sacrificing goal
-personalized: desire to use power for personal reasons
Affiliation: need to establish/ maintain relationships
-dislike of conflict
Daniel pink on inequity
Ways to address inequity
- alter your outcomes: if that person works in sales then I will work in sales to make that much
- alter inputs: if they pay me 5$/hr then I will put in the effort equivalent to 5$/hr of work
- alter the comparison others outcomes:
- change the comparison other
- rationalize inequity: they have a masters I have a bachelors
- leave the organization: ideal for business
- stay silent and sabotage: not ideal and can spread
Expectancy theory of motivation
Andy’s tattoo from the office
-what do I have to do?
> expectancy: belief that effort leads to performance
-can I achieve it?
>instrumentality: belief that performance is related to rewards
-what happens I am successful?
>valence: value or importance placed on reward
-the reward worth the effort?
Valence
Value or important placed on a particular reward
Expectancy
Belief that effort leads to performance
Instrumentality
Belief that performance related to rewards
Adam’s inequity theory
Monkeys
+ve inequity
-ve inequity
Equity
Herzberg two factor theory
Hygiene factors
- contribute to employee not feeling dissatisfied
- salary, security
Motivation factors
- contribute to employee feeing satisfied
- lead to superior effort and performance
Hygiene factors
- contribute to employee not feeling dissatisfied
- salary, security
Motivation factors
contribute to employee feeing satisfied
-lead to superior effort and performance
Waiting room experiment
Actors stand up when hearing a sound. 1 non-actor begins to copy them in order to “fit in”. Continues the actions even after the actors have left
Asch experiment
Several actors v. 1 person: asked series of questions and actors give the obviously wrong answer. Person eventually begins giving wrong answers as well to fit in
