Module 1 Flashcards
Familiarize myself with State, Processes and Systems
What is thermodynamics?
The study of converting heat to work & Energy Conversion / Conservation.
Can you convert work to heat?
Yes, eg. rubbing your hands together. your arms to the work and thermal heat is generated by the friction between your hands.
Can you convert Heat to Work?
Yes. But with some conditions.
What are the four parameters of a Heat Engine?
Heat source (TH) --> (QH) --> Heat Engine --> Work
\-->Qc --> Heat Sink (Tc)What is the first fundamental law?
Energy is conserved. It cant be created or destroyed. It can only Change forms
What is the second fundamental law?
Entropy cannot be created or destroyed. It is generated spontaneously when a system moves forward toward equilibrium. Natural process creates positive entropy generation
What is a closed system?
A selected quantity of Matter.
What is an open system?
A region in space.
What is the surroundings?
The rest of the universe outside the system.
What separates the system and surroundings?
The Boundary.
What is a system of fixed mass called?
Closed system. Mass cannot cross the boundary but Energy Can. eg. can of coke, heat can enter/exit, but the coke is fixed.
What classifies an open system?
A selected region in space where mass and energy are allowed to cross the boundary. Something with an inlet and outlet. eg.air conditioning unit or fridge.
What is an isolated system?
A system that doesn’t allow the exchange of Mass or energy with its surroundings. This is called an Idealized System. in reality no device is absolutely isolated.
What are Extensive properties?
These are MASS Dependent!! Mass (m), Volume (V), Internal Energy (U), Enthalpy (H), Entropy (S).
What are Intensive properties?
These are Independent of the mass!!! Pressure (P), Temperature (T), specific volume (v), specific internal energy (u), specific enthalpy (h), specific entropy (s).
What is the system said to be in when it has the same temperature everywhere?
In Thermal Equilibrium.
What is the system said to be in when it is free from any chemical reactions?
In Chemical Equilibrium.
What is the system said to be in when it has no tendency to change its pressure over time?
In Mechanical Equilibrium.
What is the system said to be in when it has a mixture of multiple phases and the composition remains constant over time?
In Phase Equilibrium.
What is the condition of a system called?
A State.
What is the system in equilibrium called?
An Equilibrium State.
What name is given when a system goes from one state to another?
A Process.
What is a Quasi-equilibrium Process?
When all states in a process are in equilibrium.
What must we have in order to describe a process.
The initial and final states, and the path at which the process occurred.
What is a Cycle?
A system completes a cycle when it has undergone a number of processes and finally returned to its initial state.
What is an Isobaric Process?
The pressure remains constant in the process
What is an Isothermal Process?
The Temperature remains constant in the process
What is an Isochoric Process?
The Specific Volume remains constant in the process
What is an Isentropic Process?
The Entropy remains constant in the process
What is an Adiabatic Process?
There is no heat transfer between system and surroundings.
For something to have the same process what is required?
1: Same initial and final states. 2: same Path
