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Biomechanics > Module 1 - 3 > Flashcards

Module 1 - 3 Flashcards

1
Q

the study of motion or human movement

A

Kinesiology

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2
Q

the study of the mechanics as it relates to the functional and anatomical analysis of biological system and especially humans

A

Biomechanics

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3
Q

the study of systems that are involved in a constant state of motion, whether at rest with no motion, or moving at a constant velocity without acceleration

A

Statics

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4
Q

the study of systems in motion with acceleration

A

Dynamics

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5
Q

the branch of dynamics concerned with the description of motion

A

Kinematics

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6
Q

the branch of dynamics concerned with the forces that cause or tend to cause motion

A

Kinetics

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7
Q

same as anatomical position except palms are facing the body

A

Fundamental Position

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8
Q

this plane bisects the body into two equal symmetrical halves (right and left sides)

A

Sagittal Plane (or anteroposterior plane)

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9
Q

this axis lies inside the frontal plane

runs medial/lateral

A

Frontal Axis (or lateral axis or coronal axis)

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10
Q

this plane divides the body into anterior and posterior halves

A

Frontal Plane (or lateral plane or coronal plane)

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11
Q

this axis lies inside the sagittal plane

runs anterior/posterior

A

Sagittal Axis (or anteroposterior axis)

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12
Q

this plane divides body into superior and inferior halves when the individual is in anatomic position

A

Transverse Plane (or horizontal plane)

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13
Q

this axis runs straight down through top of the head

runs superior/inferior

A

Vertical Axis (or longitudinal axis)

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14
Q

composed of the skull, vertebrae, and ribs

74 total bones

A

Axial Skeleton

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15
Q

composed of extremities, shoulder girdle, and pelvis

126 total bones

A

Appendicular Skeleton

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16
Q

Function of the Skeletal System

A

(mechanical)
support
protection
movement

(physiological)
hemopoiesis
mineral storage

17
Q

Function of long bones

A

allows large movement

ex: femur, clavicle, phalanges

18
Q

Function of short bones

A

transfer forces and absorbs shock

ex: tarsals, carpals, patella

19
Q

Function of the flat bones

A

protection

ex: ribs, scapula, sternum, pelvis

20
Q

Function of irregular bones

A

support, protection, and leverage

ex: sacrum, facial

21
Q

Synovial Joint

A

bones are connected by ligaments

22
Q

Fibrous Joint

A

bones are held together by fibrous connective tissue

23
Q

Cartilaginous Joint

A

bones are held together by cartilage

24
Q

the ability of muscle to contract and develop tension, or internal force against resistance, when stimulated

A

Contractility

25
Q

the ability of muscle to be passively stretched

A

Extensibility

26
Q

the ability of muscle to return to its original length following stretching

A

Elasticity

27
Q

the property of muscle being sensitive or responsive, to chemical, electrical, or mechanical, stimuli

A

Irritability or Excitability

28
Q

the body will adapt to the specific types of demands placed upon it

A

SAID principle

29
Q

pertaining usually to muscles that arise or originate outside of body part upon which they act

A

Extrinsic

30
Q

pertaining usually to muscles within or belonging solely to body part upon which they act

A

Intrinsic

31
Q

causes joint motion through a specific plane of motion when contracting concentrically

A

Agonist Muscle

32
Q

located on the opposite side of the joint from the agonist muscle and have the opposite concentric action

A

Antagonist Muscle

33
Q

surround joint or body part

A

Stabilizing Muscle

34
Q

counteract an unwanted action at the fixed attachment of a muscle that is working

A

Neutralizer Muscle

35
Q

assist in the action of agonists

A

Synergist Muscle

36
Q

a subconscious mechanism by which body is able to control posture and movement by responding to stimuli originating in proprioceptors of the joints, tendons, muscles, and inner ear

A

Prorioception

37
Q

concentrated primarily in muscle belly between the fibers

sensitive to change in length

protect by resisting the stretch on the same side

A

Muscle Spindles

38
Q

found in the tendon close to muscle tendon junction

sensitive to change in length

protects by giving up, causing the muscle to relax

A

Golgi Tendon Organ (GTO)

Biomechanics (2 decks)

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