Module 1 & 2: History of Wine

Question 1

US Federal regulating agency for wine

Answer 1

TTB

Question 2

Country with the most wine grape acreage

Answer 2

Spain

Question 3

Country with the largest wine production volume

Answer 3

Italy

Question 4

Country with the largest wine production value

Answer 4

France

Question 5

International regulating agency for wine

Answer 5

OIV

Question 6

Which of the following describes the impact of wine as an economic and social beverage in the Greco-Roman world:

1. Trade routes spread the production and commerce of wine throughout Europe
2. The barrel became a widespread storage and transport vessel for wine
3. First to make wine
4. Developed many training and pruning techniques
5. Grape cross-breeding to develop new varieties
6. First to understand that microbes cause fermentation

Answer 6

1, 2, 4

The Greeks and Romans understood relationships among soil, climate, and vine type and that different growing regions created different flavors. The trading of wine became important and spread throughout Europe. The Gauls introduced the barrel to the Romans and it became a common transportation and storage vessel

Question 7

What Century:
Wine became scarce and more of a status symbol for the wealthy

Answer 7

11th Century

Question 8

What Century:
Strong influence of the church building abbeys and monasteries

Answer 8

12th & 13th Centuries

Question 9

What Century:
Development of organized winemaking and expansion of wine drinking

Answer 9

15th & 16th Centuries

Question 10

What Century:
Development of the glass wine bottle and decanters

Answer 10

17th Century

Question 11

What Century:
Development of cork closures for wine

Answer 11

18th Century

Question 12

The tradition system of winegrowing began to collapse in the 19th century due primarily to _____________________.

Answer 12

Mechanization and steam transportation

Question 13

________________ put a huge strain on European vineyards until it was learned that grapes could be grafted onto resistant rootstocks.

Answer 13

Phylloxera

Question 14

Reduced wine supplies from the spread of Phylloxera in the late 1800s led to the production and marketing of ___________ wines. This development helped spur the advent of laws protecting _____________ as a key indicator of quality.

Answer 14

artificial, appellation

Question 15

From the early 1900s, the wine industry has seen a transformation. Driven by technological advances and new winegrowing regions around the world, wine has become a global business. Especially in the lower priced wines, __________ is being challenged by __________ in the consumer’s mind.

Answer 15

appellation, brand

Question 16

Common Grape (Genera/species)

Answer 16

Vitis vinifera

Question 17

legal definition of alcohol content in wine

Answer 17

more than 0.5%, less than 24% ethanol

Question 18

Legal definition of alcohol content of table wine

Answer 18

7-14%

Question 19

Legal definition of dessert or fortified wine

Answer 19

> 14% to 24%

Question 20

the year the grapes were harvested

Answer 20

Vintage Year

Question 21

provides the official regulations that govern
approved winemaking processes in the US. Title 27 pertains to the wine industry and includes
information on labeling requirements, American Viticultural Areas (AVAs), health warning
statements required on alcoholic beverages, and approved winemaking processes and
materials.

Answer 21

US Code of Federal Regulations (CFR)

Question 22

How are wine taxes based?

Answer 22

on ethanol content

Question 23

Rank the highest to lowest taxes based on type of wine

Answer 23

Highest - Sparkling
Middle - Dessert
Lowest - Table

Question 24

Wine dates back to when? and where

Answer 24

5800-6000 BCE modern day Georgia

Question 25

the highest per capita consumption of wine is______?

Answer 25

The US

Question 26

True/False
The appreciation of high quality growing sites was first recognized by the Greeks and Romans.

Answer 26

True

Question 27

True/False
The Catholic Church was a major influence on the spread of vineyards during the Middle Ages.

Answer 27

True

Question 28

True/False
The Phoenicians were the first to introduce the barrel as a storage and transport vessel.

Answer 28

False

Question 29

True/False
Some of the earliest evidence of winemaking is found in Australia.

Answer 29

False

Question 30

True/False
Phylloxera is a fungal disease that destroyed much of the European grape industry in the late 1800s.

Answer 30

False

Question 31

True/False
Glass wine bottles and cork closures were not introduced until the early 1900s.

Answer 31

False

Question 32

True/False
Louis Pasteur discovered that the source of fermentation activity was microbial in the mid-1800s.

Answer 32

True

Question 33

True/False
The French appellation system had its origin after Phylloxera damage to the wine economy.

Answer 33

True

Question 34

True/False
Currently, the global economy of wine is shifting consumer focus on brand to one based on appellation.

Answer 34

True

Question 35

True/False
Throughout history, wine has often had a place in society due to its place in religious ceremonies.

Answer 35

True