module 1 Flashcards by Rojj Vasti Buenviaje

Communication is almost as important to us as our reliance on air, water, food, and
shelter. In today’s world, through the use of networks, we are connected like never
before. (True or False)

True

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Every computer on a network is
called a

host or end device.

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are computers that provide
information to end devices:
* email servers
* web servers
* file server

Servers

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are computers that send
requests to the servers to retrieve
information:
* web page from a web server
* email from an email server

Clients

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Server Type

Email
Web
File

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runs email server software.
Clients use client software to access email

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runs web server software.
Clients use browser software to access web pages.

Web

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stores corporate and user files.
The client devices access these files.

File

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It is possible to have a device be a client and a server in a ___ Network. This type of
network design is only recommended for very small networks.

Peer-to-Peer

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is where a message originates from or where it is received.

end device

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interconnects end devices. Examples include switches, wireless
access points, routers, and firewalls.

intermediary device

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Communication across a network is carried through a __ which allows a message to
travel from source to destination.

medium

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Uses electrical impulses

Metal wires within cables

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Uses pulses of light.

Glass or plastic fibers
within cables (fiber-optic
cable)

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Uses modulation of
specific frequencies of
electromagnetic waves.

Wireless transmission

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___, often called ___, use symbols to represent
devices within the network.

Network diagrams, topology
diagrams

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illustrate the
physical location of intermediary devices
and cable installation.

Physical topology diagrams

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illustrate devices,
ports, and the addressing scheme of the
network.

Logical topology diagrams

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Two most common types of networks

Local Area Network (LAN)
* Wide Area Network (WAN).

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is a network infrastructure that spans
a small geographical area.

LAN

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is a network infrastructure that spans
a wide geographical area

WAN

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is a worldwide collection of
interconnected LANs and WANs.

internet

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is a private collection of LANs
and WANs internal to an organization that
is meant to be accessible only to the
organizations members or others with
authorization.

intranet

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provide secure access to their network for
individuals who work for a different
organization that need access to their
data on their network.

extranet

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high bandwidth, always on, internet offered by cable television service providers.

Cable

high bandwidth, always on, internet connection that runs over a telephone line.

DSL

uses a cell phone network to connect to the internet.

Cellular

major benefit to rural areas without Internet Service Providers.

Satellite

an inexpensive, low bandwidth option using a modem.

Dial-up telephone

Type of Connection

Dedicated Leased Line Ethernet WAN DSL Satellite

These are reserved circuits within the service provider’s network that connect distant offices with private voice and/or data networking.

Dedicated Leased Line

This extends LAN access technology into the WAN.

Ethernet WAN

Business DSL is available in various formats including Symmetric Digital Subscriber Lines (SDSL).

DSL

This can provide a connection when a wired solution is not available.

Satellite

an inexpensive, low bandwidth option using a modem

Dial-up telephone

These are reserved circuits within the service provider’s network that connect distant offices with private voice and/or data networking.

Dedicated Leased Line

This extends LAN access technology into the WAN.

Ethernet WAN

is available in various formats including Symmetric Digital Subscriber Lines (SDSL).

DSL

This can provide a connection when a wired solution is not available.

Satellite

can deliver data, voice, and video over the same network infrastructure.

Converged networks

refers to the technologies that support the infrastructure that moves data across the network.

Network Architecture

There are four basic characteristics that the underlying architectures need to address to meet user expectations:

* Fault Tolerance * Scalability * Quality of Service (QoS) * Security

limits the impact of a failure by limiting the number of affected devices.

Fault Tolerance

can expand quickly and easily to support new users and applications without impacting the performance of services to existing users.

Scalability

is the primary mechanism used to ensure reliable delivery of content for all users.

Quality of Service (QoS)

There are two main types of network security that must be addressed:There are two main types of network security that must be addressed:

Network infrastructure security Information Security

* Physical security of network devices * Preventing unauthorized access to the devices

Network infrastructure security

Protection of the information or data transmitted over the network

Information Security

Three goals of network security:

Confidentiality – * Integrity – Availability

only intended recipients can read the data

Confidentiality

assurance that the data has not be altered with during transmission

* Integrity

assurance of timely and reliable access to data for authorized users

Availability

allows users to use their own devices giving them more opportunities and greater flexibility

Bring Your Own Device (BYOD)

allows us to store personal files or backup our data on servers over the internet

Cloud computing

Four types of Clouds:

Public Clouds Private Clouds Hybrid Clouds Custom Clouds

Available to the general public through a pay-per-use model or for free

Public Clouds

* Intended for a specific organization or entity such as the government.

* Private Clouds

Made up of two or more Cloud types – for example, part custom and part public. * Each part remains a distinctive object but both are connected using the same architecture.

* Hybrid Clouds

* Built to meet the needs of a specific industry, such as healthcare or media. * Can be private or public.

* Custom Clouds

can allow devices to connect to a LAN where data network cables or wireless communications are not a viable option.

Powerline networking

is another option used to connect homes and small businesses to the internet

Wireless Broadband

- is an integral part of networking regardless of the size of the network. - involves many protocols, technologies, devices, tools, and techniques in order to secure data and mitigate threats.

* Network security

* demonstrates that you have a knowledge of foundational technologies * ensures you stay relevant with skills needed for the adoption of next -generation technologies.

The Cisco Certified Network Associate (CCNA) certification