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STS > MODULE 1 > Flashcards

MODULE 1 Flashcards

1
Q

study of the natural world by collecting data through a systematic process called the scientific method

A

Science

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2
Q

application of science

A

technology

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3
Q

science was originally called?

A

Philosophy of the natural world

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4
Q

first scientists were called?

A

Philosophers of nature

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5
Q

tekhnē meaning?

A

art or craft

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6
Q

logia meaning?

A

subject or interest

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7
Q

a group of individuals involved in persistent social interaction

A

society

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8
Q

3 historical antecedents

A

ancient time, middle/medieval age, modern time

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9
Q

6 civilizations during ancient time

A

summer begr rochs
- sumerian
- babylonian
- egyptian
- greek
- roman
- chinese

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10
Q

first writing system, what civilization?

A

cuneiform, sumerian

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11
Q

first true city, what civilization?

A

uruk, sumerian

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12
Q

also called the mountain of God? what civilization?

A

great ziggurat of ur, sumerian

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13
Q

what civilization was the first to use irrigation and dikes?

A

sumerian

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14
Q

used to carry large quantities of products and were able to cover large distances over water, what civilization?

A

sailboats, sumerian

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15
Q

used as a luxurious form
of transportation for the
wealthy, but was also used
for irrigation, pottery making,
and milling, what civilization?

A

wheel, sumerian

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16
Q

first plow called the? what civilization?

A

ard, sumerian

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17
Q

Used to facilitate faster and
easier travel? what civilization?

A

road, sumerian

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18
Q

One of the seven wonders
of the ancient world as listed
by hellenic culture? what civilization?

A

Hanging garden of babylon, babylonian

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19
Q

A roll was usually about
one foot in height and could
be up to 100 feet in length. Used for record-keeping and communication. what civilization?

A

paper or papyrus, egyptian

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20
Q

mixed vegetable gum,
soot and bee wax? what civilization?

A

ink, egyptian

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21
Q

One of the writing systems
used by ancient egyptians to represent their language? breakdown of the word?

A

hieroglyphics

hiero - holy
glypho - writing

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22
Q

were worn for health and
aesthetic reasons. Kohl
around the eyes to prevent
and even cure eye diseases? what civilization?

A

cosmetics, egyptian

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23
Q

used to protect the shaved
heads of the wealthy? what civilization?

A

wig, egyptian

24
Q

the amount of water
remaining in the device
determines how much
time elapsed since it is full. what civilization?

A

water clock, egyptian

25
Q

which civilization first invented alarm clocks? what did they use?

A

egyptian, water and pottery

26
Q

It is for grinding grain by harnessing
water which continues
identically in use until today, what civilization?

A

water mill, greek

27
Q

which civilization first invented newspaper? what did they call it? what does that mean?

A

roman, acta diurna, daily acts

28
Q

which civilization invented bounded book known as codex?

A

roman

29
Q

devised by romans for standard counting method for their armies

A

roman numerals

30
Q

processed to produce paper and
clothing? what civilization?

A

silk, chinese

31
Q

a beverage which is important in chinese tradition?

A

tea

32
Q

is said to be the largest and
most extensive infrastructure
that the nation built. what civilization?

A

great wall of china, chinese

33
Q

how long is the great wall of china?

A

21, 196km or 13. 170mi

34
Q

it was developed by Chinese
alchemists who aimed to
achieve immortality

A

gunpowder

35
Q

for mass production of written literature? what age?

A

printing press, medieval

36
Q

was the key in discovering new
means in preventing and curing
various illnesses. what age?

A

microscope, medieval

37
Q

who invented the first compound microscope?

A

Zacharias Janssen

38
Q

was invented
in the fall of 1609 in Venice. who invented it?

A

telescope, galileo galilei

39
Q

book made by an inventor using the telescope

A

starry messenger

40
Q

Medieval weaponry can
be divided into attacking
and defensive, and also
into cold weapons and
firearms

A

war weapons

41
Q

in middle ages, consisted of the
introduction of
the cannon, large
tubular firearms designed
to fire a
heavy projectile over a
long distance

A

mechanical artillery

42
Q

3 mostly used mechanical artillery

A

trebuchet, catapult, ballista

43
Q

trebuchet uses?

A

counterweight and rocks

44
Q

catapult uses?

A

tension and rocks

45
Q

ballista uses?

A

tension and arrow

46
Q

let horse adapt
to rocky terrain, mountains
and carry heavier loads

A

horseshoe

47
Q

It allowed more horse
pulling power, such as with
the heavy plough

A

horse collar

48
Q

invented in the middle ages, used for time keeping

A

hourglass

49
Q

a structure that harnesses the wind to do various labors

A

wind mill

50
Q

the earliest predecessors of
the game originated in 6th
century AD in India and
spread through Persia and
the Muslim world to
Europe.

A

chess

51
Q

mirrors was made by _____ in 1180?

A

Alexander Neckhan, mirror

52
Q

the process of heating
dairy products to kill the
harmful bacteria that allow
them to spoil faster. what age?

A

PASTEURIZATION, modern age

53
Q

who invented pasteurization?

A

Louis Pasteur

54
Q

process used to produce kerosene

A

Petrolium Refinery, modern age

55
Q

other term for kerosene?

A

illuminating oil

56
Q

who refined petroleum?

A

samuel m. kier

57
Q

who invented telephone?

A

Antonio Meucci

STS (2 decks)

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