Module 1

Question 1

Studies the structure of body parts and their relationships to one another

Answer 1

Anatomy

Question 2

study of large body structures visible to the naked eye, such as heart,
lungs, kidneys

Answer 2

Gross Anatomy

Question 3

study of internal structures as they relate to the overlying skin surface

Answer 3

Surface

Question 4

studies the function of the body, how the body parts work
and carry out their life-sustaining activities

Answer 4

Physiology

Question 5

Forms the external body covering, and protects deeper tissues from injury. (Nails, hair, skin)

Answer 5

Integumentary System

Question 6

Protects and supports body organs and provides a framework the muscles use to cause movement. (Joint, Bones)

Answer 6

Skeletal system

Question 7

Allows manipulation of the environment, locomotion and facial expression. Maintains posture and produce heat.

Answer 7

Muscular System

Question 8

Glands secrete hormones that regulate processes such as growth, reproduction and nutrient use by body cells. (Pineal gland, Thyroid gland, Adrenal gland, Pancreas, Ovary, Testis)

Answer 8

Endocrine system

Question 9

Blood vessels transport blood, which carries oxygen, carbon dioxide, waste, etc. (Blood vessels, heart)

Answer 9

Cardiovascular System

Question 10

It responds to internal and external changes by activating appropriate muscle and glands (Brain, Spinal Cord, Nerves)

Answer 10

Nervous System

Question 11

Produce sperm and male sex hormones

Answer 11

Testes

Question 12

Eliminates nitrogenous waste from the body. Regulates water, electrolyte and acid-base balance of the blood (Kidney, Ureter, Urethra, Urinary bladder)

Answer 12

Urinary System

Question 13

Picks up fluid leaked from blood vessels and returns it to blood. (Red bone marrow, spleen, Thoracic duct, Lymph nodes, Thymus)

Answer 13

Lymphatic System

Question 14

Keeps blood constantly supplied with oxygen and removes carbon dioxide. (Larynx, Trachea, Lung, Bronchus, Pharynx, Nasal cavity)

Answer 14

Respiratory System

Question 15

Breaks down food into absorbable units that enter the blood for distribution to body cells. (Small and large intestine, rectum, anus, oral cavity, esophagus, Liver)

Answer 15

Digestive System

Question 16

Set of metabolic pathways that breaks down molecules into smaller units that are either oxidized to release energy.

Answer 16

Catabolism

Question 17

set of metabolic pathways that construct molecules from smaller units, these reactions require energy.

Answer 17

Anabolism

Question 18

Ability of the body to maintain relatively stable internal conditions even though the outside world changes continuously.

Answer 18

Homeostasis

Question 19

An inability of the body to restore a functional, stable internal environment (Cause: Aging, Diseases)

Answer 19

Homeostatic Imbalance

Question 20

lying flat, facing downwards

Answer 20

Prone

Question 21

lying flat on your back, facing upwards

Answer 21

Supine

Question 22

an anatomical plane that divides the body into right and left sections.

Answer 22

Sagittal Plane

Question 23

Is a vertical plane that passes through the midline of the body and bisects the body into two symmetrical halves: right and left.

Answer 23

Median Plane

Question 24

is an anatomical plane that divides the body into dorsal and ventral sections

Answer 24

Coronal Plane

Question 25

An oblique plane is a plane that can be any angle other than horizontal or vertical. In actuality, the word denotes “not parallel” or “at a right angle.”

Answer 25

Oblique Plane

Question 26

is the plane that divides the body or organ horizontally into upper and lower portions.

Answer 26

Transverse Plane

Question 27

Largest molecules in the body

Answer 27

Nucleic Acids

Question 28

An energy transferring molecule in cells and provide energy immediately usable by all body cells

Answer 28

Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP)

Question 29

Deoxyribose, from Nucleus, has thymine, Double strand coiled into a double helix.

Answer 29

DNA

Question 30

Ribose, from cytoplasm, has uracil, Single strand, straight of folded.

Answer 30

RNA

Question 31

building blocks of protein

Answer 31

Amino Acids

Question 32

globular proteins that act as biological catalysts (substances that regulate and accelerate the rate of biochemical reactions)

Answer 32

Enzymes

Question 33

basic structure material of the body and plays vital roles in cell function

Answer 33

PROTEINS

Question 34

insoluble in water but dissolve readily in other lipids, alcohol and ether

Answer 34

Lipids

Question 35

Double-layered membrane

Answer 35

serosa/serous membrane

Question 36

lubricating fluid that seperates the serosa

Answer 36

Serous fluid

Question 37

lining the walls

Answer 37

Parietal pericardium

Question 38

Covers the organs

Answer 38

Visceral Pericardium

Question 39

Study of the chemical composition and reactions of living matter

Answer 39

Biochemistry

Question 40

compounds that contain carbon and made by living things

Answer 40

Organic compounds

Question 41

compounds that lack carbon except carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide

Answer 41

Iorganic compounds

Question 42

also called, proton donors, substance that release hydrogen ions in detectable amounts

Answer 42

Acids

Question 43

also called proton acceptors, substances that take up hydrogen ions indetectable amounts

Answer 43

Bases

Question 44

measures the relative concentration of hydrogen ions in various body fluids

Answer 44

pH

Question 45

When acids and bases mix, displacement reaction happen to form water and salt

Answer 45

NEUTRALIZATION

Question 46

A pH below 7.35

Answer 46

acidemia

Question 47

a pH above 7.45

Answer 47

alkalemia

Question 48

large complex molecules with thousands of atoms

Answer 48

Macromolecules

Question 49

never lose or gain electrons

Answer 49

electroneutral

Question 50

chainlike molecules made of smaller, similar subunits

Answer 50

Polymers

Question 51

process of joining together monomers

Answer 51

Dehydration synthesis

Question 52

process of degrading molecules

Answer 52

Hydrolysis

Question 53

essential for human life, found in cell membranes and raw material for synthesis of vitamin D, steroid hormones and bile salts

Answer 53

Cholesterol

Question 54

lipids found in all cell membranes (e.g. prostaglandins)

Answer 54

Eicosanoids

Question 55

modified triglycerides with glycerol, 2 fatty acids, and phosphate group (PO4)

Answer 55

Phospholipids

Question 56

only with single covalent bonds between carbon atoms

Answer 56

Saturated fats

Question 57

contains one or more double bonds between carbon atoms

Answer 57

Unsaturated fats

Question 58

solidified fats by addition of H atoms at carbon double bonds

Answer 58

Trans fats

Question 59

fats when solid; oil if liquid, yields large amounts of energy

Answer 59

Triglycerides