Module 1

Question 1

Greek root words of Philosophy and its meanings?

Answer 1

Philos - Love;

Sophia - Wisdom

Question 2

What is the second-order inquiry? and why?

Answer 2

Philosophy, because it questions and criticizes what is known

Question 3

What does Philosophy as a Second-order Inquiry refine?

Answer 3

science and its methodology

Question 4

Who and where was the term Philosophy used?

Answer 4

By Pythagoras of Samos (570 - 495 BCE) during an Olympic Game

Question 5

The start of philosophy that was an investigation regarding the nature of things in general.

Answer 5

Phusis

Question 6

Philosophy is considered the ________ from where other disciplines emerged.

Answer 6

mother discipline/ primary discipline

Question 7

This is the logical and empirical way of looking at things.

Answer 7

Philosophy

Question 8

Greek word for “Nature”

Answer 8

Phusis

Question 9

Who was proponent for the Characteristics of a Philosophical Question?

Answer 9

Isaiah Berlin

Question 10

What are the Characteristics of a Philosophical Question?

Answer 10

broad and general, has no single methodology in answering, trivial

Question 11

What is the first-order inquiry?

Answer 11

scientists assumptions

Question 12

Philosophy is a _____ that crosses over different areas and disciplines.

Answer 12

meta-discipline

Question 13

This is a branch of philosophy that is the study of reality and existence & example

Answer 13

Metaphysics, Plato’s Theory of Forms

Question 14

Branches of Philosophy.

Answer 14

Metaphysics, Epistemology, Ethics, Logic, Theodicy

Question 15

these two branches of philosophy are a good combination

Answer 15

Metaphysics, Epistemology

Question 16

Branch of philosophy that’s all about questions? answers?

Answer 16

Metaphysics, Epistemology

Question 17

study of knowledge, truth, ideas, and language

Answer 17

Epistemology

Question 18

different notions of realities in Epistemology

Answer 18

The Rationalists, The Empiricists, The Pragmatics, The Idealists

Question 19

study of right and wrong in human endeavors

Answer 19

Ethics

Question 20

talks about practicality of Moral Judgement & Moral Virtue

Answer 20

Ethics (best in evil, worst in good)

Question 21

study of correct thinking

Answer 21

Logic (logical reasoning, Syllogism)

Question 22

study of justification of things structure and goal created by God

Answer 22

Theodicy - associated with theology

Question 23

In 630 BC, this was a fishing village and center of ______

Answer 23

Miletus, trade and commerce

Question 24

Miletus was known as the ___ because this is where they exchanged goods and ideas

Answer 24

Melting Pot of ideas and cultures

Question 25

Thales, Anaximander, Anaximenes were known as? because?

Answer 25

The Triumvirate of the Milesians first Ancient Greek Philosophers who gave non-mythological account of the nature of reality and the universe

Question 26

The Triumvirate of the Milesians believed that basic things were actually

Answer 26

real, animated material

Question 27

These are Greeks who believed all matter has life and that universe is alive, animate, and material

Answer 27

Hylozoists

Question 28

Greek root words of Hylozoists and their meanings

Answer 28

Hylos: stuff Zoe: life

Question 29

Father of Western Philosophy and Modern Science

Answer 29

Thales of Miletus (624 B.C.)

Question 30

Anaximander believed that the universe is composed of what in human societies?

Answer 30

laws

Question 31

professions of Thales

Answer 31

trader, mathematician, astronomer

Question 32

This whole philosophy believed that philosophy is religion? Why?

Answer 32

Eastern Philosophy, because both -> purification of the soul which needs consciousness

Question 33

first Greek to break from mythology tradition

Answer 33

Thales

Question 34

Because Thales did this, he was wealthy

Answer 34

trade OLIVE oil

Question 35

Anaxagoras believed reality is?

Answer 35

Nous/Mind

Question 36

Where did Empedocles die and why?

Answer 36

Mt. Etna in Sicily, Italy because he jumped inside

Question 37

What is constant according to Parmenides of Elea? Why?

Answer 37

beingness, it is indestructible, immovable, complete without beginning and/or end

Question 38

first person to predict an eclipse

Answer 38

Thales

Question 39

He was a loyal follower of Parmenides?

Answer 39

Zeno of Elea

Question 40

He believed that permanent is the being? Another term for being?

Answer 40

Parmenides of Elea (450 BC), Plenus

Question 41

What term did Pythagoras first use in cosmology?

Answer 41

Logos

Question 42

He was the first to use logic?

Answer 42

Zeno of Eleas

Question 43

Heraclitus of Ephesus believed that reality is?

Answer 43

flux

Question 44

Pythagoras believed that reality is?

Answer 44

numbers

Question 45

Parmenides of Elea believed two things that meant everything is stuck and destined?

Answer 45

Fatalism, Determinism

Question 46

Anaximander believed that the Earth was?

Answer 46

cylindrical and suspended in space

Question 47

Who was Thales's wisest student?

Answer 47

Anaximander (610-540 B.C.)

Question 48

Who believed that reality is made of atoms?

Answer 48

Leucippus, Democritus

Question 49

Who said: "you cannot step twice into the same rivers for fresh waters are ever flowing in upon you. we step and do not step into the same river, we are, and we are not."?

Answer 49

Heraclitus of Ephesus

Question 50

Parmenides of Elea believed reality is?

Answer 50

being

Question 51

first greek to use geometry in Pyramids?

Answer 51

Thales

Question 52

Pythagoras believed that philosophy was a way of life and was?

Answer 52

religion

Question 53

Why did Anaxagoras believed that reality is Nous?

Answer 53

it is self-governing and infinite

Question 54

Anaximander believed that reality is?

Answer 54

infinite or apeiron'

Question 55

Pythagoras believed that this two made up the Purification of the soul? Why?

Answer 55

Philosophy + Mathematics solving - you have to use everything rational - contemplation

Question 56

What did Anaximenes believed regarding natural phenomena?

Answer 56

That they have rational causes

Question 57

Who are the Pre-Socratics?

Answer 57

Pythagoras, Heraclitus, Parmenides, Empedocles, Anaxagoras, Zeno, Leucippus, Democritus

Question 58

Thales believed that reality is? why?

Answer 58

water because it's flowing

Question 59

Anaxagoras believed that this has the greatest strength and powerful

Answer 59

The nous

Question 60

Who said: "All things havo a portion of everything, while nous is infinite and is self-rulcd, and is mixed with nothing, but it is alone, itself by itself... it has knowledge about all things."?

Answer 60

Anaxagoras

Question 61

`How did Western Philosophy begin?

Answer 61

through the need of satisfying curiosity to veer mythology as a tradition

Question 62

Anaximander's professions.

Answer 62

prose writer, astronomer, scientist

Question 63

Anaximenes believed that reality is?

Answer 63

air

Question 64

Who said: "The source from which existing things derive their existence is also that to which they returen at their destruction"?

Answer 64

Anaximander

Question 65

Empedocles and Anaxagoras was a?

Answer 65

Pluralist

Question 66

Empedocles believed reality is?

Answer 66

Earth, Air, Fire, and Water'

Question 67

This was the marking in the beginning of philosophy?

Answer 67

Western Philosophy

Question 68

He died laughing and was known as the?

Answer 68

Democritus - laughing philosopher

Question 69

He believed that we had seeds or elements connected between us?

Answer 69

Anaxagoras (480 BC)

Question 70

He believed that permanent meant change.

Answer 70

Heraclitus of Ephesus (500 BC)

Question 71

According to Pythagoras, what is the perfect number and number for marriage?

Answer 71

10 and 5 because 5+5 = 10

Question 72

Eastern Philosophy believes that this two was one.

Answer 72

man + the world

Question 73

first greek to use distance in ships in the shore?

Answer 73

Thales

Question 74

Anaximenes believed that the Earth and other heavenly bodies are?

Answer 74

floating in the air

Question 75

A religious cult under Pythagoras?

Answer 75

Pythagoreans

Question 76

Heraclitus of Ephesus's primary principle?

Answer 76

Libertinism

Question 77

Zeno of Elea was what kind of philosopher?

Answer 77

controversial

Question 78

This philosophy used logic, reason, existence, reality?

Answer 78

Western Philosophy

Question 79

Heraclitus of Ephesus believed that the world is?

Answer 79

an ever-living fire, in flux, and we cannot hold onto it at any point

Question 80

Thales believed that the Earth was?

Answer 80

flat

Question 81

he attempted to draw a map.

Answer 81

Anaximander

Question 82

Who was Anaximander's wisest student?

Answer 82

Anaximenes (588-524 BC)

Question 83

Who is the Father of numbers?

Answer 83

Pythagoras (531 BC)

Question 84

Eastern Philosophy that this was the way to experience the world.

Answer 84

consciousness

Question 85

Zeno of Elea believed that reality is?

Answer 85

being

Question 86

This is external but infinite and self-ruled.

Answer 86

Mind

Question 87

He believed he was immortal and has magical powers?

Answer 87

Empedocles (490 - 433 BC)

Question 88

What were an illusion Parmenides of Elea?

Answer 88

Time, Freewill, Motion, Change

Question 89

opposite of Libertinism?

Answer 89

conservativism

Question 90

Pythagoras believed that this was a cathartic process of purification of life?

Answer 90

contemplative life

Question 91

Anaximander believed that if laws were disturbed there'd be?

Answer 91

turmoil

Question 92

Anaximenes's professions

Answer 92

astronomer and scientist