Module 06.02 Cogn. Dev. in Adolescence Flashcards
What is Cognitive Development?
The process by which thinking, reasoning, memory, and problem-solving abilities evolve during adolescence.
Define Abstract Thinking.
The ability to think about concepts and ideas that are not directly observable.
What does Metacognition refer to?
Thinking about one’s own thinking; awareness and regulation of cognitive processes.
What is Hypothetical-Deductive Reasoning?
The ability to systematically test hypotheses and draw conclusions based on logic.
Define Executive Function.
Higher-order cognitive processes, including impulse control, planning, and decision-making.
What is Synaptic Pruning?
The process of eliminating weaker neural connections to strengthen more efficient pathways in the brain.
What does Myelination entail?
The process by which neurons become insulated with a fatty layer, improving signal transmission and cognitive efficiency.
Define Egocentrism in adolescents.
Adolescents’ heightened self-focus, including imaginary audience and personal fable phenomena.
What is the Imaginary Audience phenomenon?
The belief that others are constantly observing and judging one’s actions.
What does Personal Fable refer to?
The belief that one’s experiences are unique and that they are invulnerable to harm.
Define Moral Development.
The progression of understanding and applying ethical principles.
What is Risk-Taking Behavior?
Engaging in activities with potential harm due to underdeveloped impulse control and heightened reward sensitivity.
What is the Dual Process Model?
A theory suggesting that decision-making is influenced by both intuitive (emotional) and analytical (logical) processes.
Define Identity Formation.
The development of a personal and social sense of self, often influenced by cognitive changes.
Who proposed the Formal Operational Stage?
Jean Piaget.
What did Lev Vygotsky emphasize in cognitive development?
The role of social and cultural influences.
Who developed the stages of moral development?
Lawrence Kohlberg.
What stage did Erik Erikson introduce related to identity?
Identity vs. Role Confusion.
Who identified the concepts of adolescent egocentrism?
David Elkind.
What is the Ecological Systems Theory?
A theory explaining how different environmental factors influence cognitive development.
What does Piaget’s Theory of Cognitive Development state?
Adolescents enter the Formal Operational Stage, gaining the ability to think abstractly and logically.
What are the components of Sternberg’s Triarchic Theory of Intelligence?
- Analytical
- Creative
- Practical
What does the Information Processing Model explain?
Cognitive development through attention, memory, and executive functioning improvements.
What is Scaffolding?
Support from adults or peers that helps adolescents reach higher cognitive levels.
