Module 05.01 Physical Development in Middle Childhood Flashcards
visual impairment
a difficulty in seeing that may include blindness or partial blindness
auditory impairment
a special need that involves the loss of hearing or some aspect of hearing
speech impairment
speech that deviates so much from the speech of others that it calls attention to itself, interferes with communication, or produces maladjustment in the speaker
learning disabilities
difficulties in the acquisition and use of listening, speaking, reading, writing, reasoning, or mathematical abilities
ADHD
a learning disorder marked by inattention, impulsiveness, a low tolerance for frustration, and generally a great deal of inappropriate activity
In what ways do children grow during the school years and what factors influence their growth?
*Height and weight increase gradually
*Differences in height and weight are influenced by both genetic and social factors
*adequate nutrition promotes physical, social, and cognitive development, while overnutrition and a sedentary lifestyle may lead to obesity
In what ways do motor skills develop over middle childhood?
*Gross motor skills continue to improve during the school years
*Muscular coordination and manipulative skills advance to near-adult levels
What are the main health concerns at this age?
*Accidents, a result of increased independence and mobility, and
*unsupervised access to cyberspace
What special needs may become apparent during these years, and how can they be met?
*vision, hearing, and speech impairment that can impact their social relations and school performance
*learning disabilities include difficulty in acquiring and using listening, speaking, reading, writing, reasoning, or mathematical abilities
*ADHD poses attention, organization, and activity problems for 3-5% of school-aged children
childhood-onset fluency disorder
(stuttering)
substantial disruption in the rhythm and fluency of speech; the most common speech impairment
